Nataal bu xóot: Mekanise Proses, Rasio Nataal, ak Faggu ay Sikk
Done yu am solo: Rasio bi njëkk mooy 2.0:1 ci asiye ak 1.6:1 ci aluminium. Desinewaat ratios wàcci ba 1.3–1.5:1 ci etap bu nekk. Gaawaayu rëdd mingi tàmbalee ci 5 ba 50 m/min lepp di aju ci macceer bi ak ci geometrie bi. Dooley tëyekaay bu amul dara mingi tollu ci 0.5–1.5% ci dooley produit bi × barab bu amul dara. Wall thinning ñu ngi koy saytu ci diggante 10-15% ci dëgëraay bi njëkk ci anam yu xarañ.
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Dessin bu xóotmetal formingetal ci anam wu ñuy forme, ci lañuy xëcc ab blank bu plat ci biir matris buy forme, jaare ko ci jëf mekanik yu ab punch, mu defar ab composant bu amul benn couture, bu am xóotaayu lu ëpp diametre bi. dafay yàq wen wi ci jëmm yu am ñatti dimension lu ci melni koppu, pot, coquillage, boîtier, ak pano yaramam oto.
Tur wi "xoot" dafay wax ci xóotaayu-diametre ratio bi: su xóotaayu desine bi weesee diametre bi ci wàll wi, liggéey bi dafay nekk desine bu xóot. Piyees yi am ratio xóotaayu-diametre bu ëpp 1.0 dañuy laaj etape yu bari ci desine (desinewaat) ngir mëna am geometrie bu mujj te du am benn gaañ-gaañu ci macceer bi. Ci Dongguan Chenghui Xarala yu am xel, nu ngi defar piyees yu xóot-desine ak ratios desine ba 2.2 ci benn etape ak ba 3.5 ci etape yu bari ngir macceer yu melni DC04 sedd-roulé acier ak 304 acier inox.
Desin yu xóot dañu leen di jëfandikoo bu baax ci liggéey yépp — daale ko ci oto (pans d'huile, reservoirs d'essence, boîte de capteur) à electronics (poti batëri, coque de connecteur), aparey medikaal (boîte de instrument chirurgical), ak aerospace (nclos structurel yu woyof). Processus bi dafay joxe pièce yu am surface bu baax, tolerance dimensionel yu sew (± 0.05 mm mëna yegg), ak màndarga mekanik yu méngoo ndax liggéey bi dafay dëgër ci deformation bi.
Desin bu xóot bi: Jéego par jéego
1. Waajal bu amul dara
diametre biñ xayma. Diametru blank bi ñu ngi koy xam ci sàrtu yaatuwaayu kaw bu dul soppeeku: yaatuwaayu surfaasu blank bi dafa wara tollu ci yaatuwaayu wàll wi jeex, boole ci tuuti ngir dagg. Ngir koppu silindrik bu amul bride, diametre bu amul dara D mën nañu ko xayma nii:
D = √(d2 + 4dh) — fu d mooy diametre bi ci biir koppu bi, h mooy kawewaayu koppu bi.
Dañuy faral di def blanking ci pres mekanik buy jëfandikoo matris de blanking. Jëfandikoo jumtukaay mooy njëg bi gëna am solo fii; optimisation nesting mën na yegg ci 70-85% jëfandikoo macceer ngir blank yu wër. Lubricant dañu koy diw ci kaw surface bu amul dara balaa ñuy rëdd ngir wàññi friction bi ak moytu galling.
2. Desin bu njëkk bi
Dañuy def blank bi ci kaw benn bërëb bu am matris, punch bi wàcci, forse wen wi mu naaw ci biir matris bi ci anam wu plastik. A tegkatu amul dara (ñu koy woowe itam ring draw wala binder) dafay jëfandikoo presioŋ buñ kontre ci barabu bride bu amul dara, di tere wrinkling bi ba noppi may macceer bi mu jàll ci biir. Diggante punch bi ak matris bi dafay tàmbalee ci 1.1t ba 1.3t (fu t mooy yaatuwaayu macceer bi), ngir macceer bi di daw bu baax te doo paase.
The limiting draw ratio (LDR) — ratio bi gëna mag ci diametre bu amul dara ak diametre punch bi ñu mëna jël ci benn etape te du yàqu — dafay tàmbalee ci 1.8 ba 2.2 ngir alloys asiye, 1 ba 9. 1.7 ngir asiye inox. Soo bëggee weesu LDR fàww nga def jéego yu bari.
3. Desinewaat ak repasser
Su xóotaayu mébet bi weesee LDR bu benn etape, koppu biñ tëral dafay jaar benn wala lu ëpp desinewaat liggéey. Bépp rëdd bu bees dafay wàññi diametre bi ba noppi yokk xóotaayu bi. Diggante etape yi, wàll wi mën na soxla process annealing ngir wàcce liggéey bu dëgër bi ak defaraat ductility - lu am solo ci mbir yu melni 304 acier inoxydable ak alloys aluminium.
Ironing muy liggéey bu méngoo ak li ñuy woowe mur koppu bi ñuy sewloo ak gudd ci jaar ci ay matris yu am ay lëndëm yu gëna ndaw, defar mur yu dëgër yuy gëna ndaw. Paase dañu koy faral di jëfandikoo ngir defar ci poti naan yi ak ci piyeesu tubulaire yu am kuuraŋ yu woyof.
Rasio desine, limite, ak sàrti jëmmal
Xam ratio desin lu am solo la ci jëmmal desin bu xóot. Parametre yu am solo yi ñooy:
- Rasio rëdd (β) = D/d — fu D mooy diametre bi amul dara, d di diametre punch bi. β bu 2.0 dafay tekki ni blank bi ñaari yoon la diametre punch bi.
- Rasio wàññi (r) = (D – d)/D × 100% — insiñër yu bari dañu taamu wane wàññi gi ci pursàntaas.
- Rasio yaatuwaay ak yaatuwaay (t/D) - parametre bu am solo: valeur yu ëpp 1% dañuy may ratios yu gëna rëy.
For common materials, the recommended maximum first-stage draw ratios are: DC01/DC04: 2,0-2,2, 304 inox: 1.8-2.0, 5052 aluminium (O-température): 1,8-2,0, ak përëm C11000: 1,9-2,1. Annealing ci diggante etape yi mën na yokk ratios cumulatif yi ba 3.0 wala gëna kawe.
Regle yiñ tëral ngir pièce yu xóot yi bokkuna ci: tëye rayon koñ bu gëna ndaw 1-2× yaatuwaayu matériel bi at the punch nose and 4-8× épaisseur ci rayon biy dugg ci matris bi, moytu jaar-jaar yu ñaw yuy concentrer stress, ak defar ngir miir bu dëgër fileek waajalul paase.
ay jafe-jafe yu bari ak ni ñu koy moytu
Wrinkling (Flange Wrinkles)
Rissé dafay am ci barabu bride bi sudee tension yi ci cercle bi dañu weesu mbañeelu macceer bi. Faggu: yokk dooley tëyekaay bu amul dara (BHF), gëna baaxal BHF ci trait bi yépp (sistem BHF yu mën soppiku), ak fexe lubrication bu jaar yoon. BHF tàmbali bu baax mooy lu tollu ci 1.5-2.5% ci dooley rendement bi.
Xottiku ak dagg
Xottiku dafay faral di am ci rayon bakkan bi wala ci kuuru koppu bi, foofu la macceer bi di gëna am doole ci traction. Sabab yu am solo yi ñooy: ratio de tiire bu ëpp, clearance bu doyul ci teyekaay bi (materiel buy jàpp), rayon matris bu màgget, wala lubrication bu doyul ci wàllu punch bi. Faggu: des ci biir LDR, mën toppatoo surface die poli (Ra ≤ 0.2 μm), ak jëfandikoo lubrication différentiel - lubrifiant ci barabu bride, lubrifiant bu néew soxla ci maxi friction.
Ressort ak jaar yoon
Ginaaw bi punch bi dellu ginaaw, elastik bi dafay tax wàll wi dellu ginaaw tuuti, rawatina ci gémmiñu koppu bi ak ci miir bi. Ressort dafay gëna fës ci meceer yu am doole ak aleage aluminium. Faggu: kompensaasioŋ geometri die, jëfandikoo jëfandikoo restriking wala dimensionnement, ak xoolaat modulu Young-to-yield doole ratio suñuy wax luy waaja am.
Nopp
Nopp dafay wax ci boor yu wavy yi ci kaw koppu buñ tëj te anisotropi planar moo ko waral (màndarga yu wuute ci wàll yu wuute ci darab bi). Loolu moo jur mbalitu macceer bi ñuy dagg. Faggu: jëfandikoo ay tol yu am màndarga nopp yu woyof (lu melni, aleage aluminium 5052 ak 3003), gëna xéewale jubluwaayu blank bi méngoo ak yoon wi ñuy rolling, ba noppi may ñu dagg ko ci anam wu doy (5-10% ci kawewaayu koppu bi).
jumtukaay ngir defar nataal yu xóot
Tanneef macceer dafay ame njeexital ci ni jumtukaay bi di doxee, dundu jumtukaay bi, ak njëgu piis bi. Mbir yiñ gëna xam mooy:
- Acier à faible carbone (DC01, DC04, SPCC, SPCD): Desine bu baax, njëg bu yomb. Desine ratios yu yegg ba 2.2 benn-etape. Dafa baax ci bracket oto yi, pano aparey yi ak pièce usine yi.
- Acier inoxydable (304, 316L, 430): Resistance corrosion ak dëgër bu rëy. Li gëna tar mooy rëdd ndax liggéey bu metti; defay laaj annealing ci diggante etap yi. Dañu koy jëfandikoo ngir evier waañ, aparey medikaal ak jumtukaayi togg produit chimik.
- 1050, 3003, 5052-O): Poids bu woyof ak forme bu baax. 5052-O ci lu gëna mag dafay joxe drawability bu xóot bu baax. Dafay bari ci këyitu elektronik yi, jumtukaayi oto yu woyof yi ak resinto lekk yi.
- Copper and Brass (C11000, C26000): Yorandiku bu baax ak mëna forme. Dañu koy jëfandikoo ngir lëkkalekaayu kuuraŋ, piyeesu plomberie ak jumtukaayi dekoraasioŋ.
Temperature matériel (annealed vs. roulé) amna njeexital yu am solo ci dindi - saa yu nekk leeral annealed (O-temper) wala kalite desin bu xóot (DQ) grade ngir jëmmal jëmmal.
Dessin profond ak yeneen anam yu ñuy forme wen
Buñu ko méngale ak estampage conventionnel, rëdd bu xóot dafay defar jëmm yu gëna xóot te xawa jafee xam. wuute ak matris bu dox ndànk tëggin bi gëna baax ci wàll yu plat wala yu ñaw, dessin xóot dafay yam ci boîtier yu amul benn couture. Buñu ko méngale ak metal spinning, dessin bu xóot bi dafay joxe diir bu gëna gaaw ci cycle bi (5-20 simili). baamtu ci volume production bu ëpp 10,000 piyees. Buñu ko méngale ak hydroforming, nataal bu xóot bi dafa gëna néew ay jumtukaay ak waxtu tabb bu gëna gaaw ci pàrti symétrique yi.
Ngir am tegtal ci tànneef bi gëna baax ci sa geometrie pièce, demal ci sunu defarkatu tëggin wen xët wala laaj devis ngir jàngat DFM bu amul fayda.
Laaj yu ñuy faral di laaj
Lan mooy wuutale rëdd bu xóot ak tampoŋ?
Nataal bu xóot xeetu tëggin la buy defar piyees yu lëndëm, yu amul benn couture ci rëdd ci tool bu amul benn couture. Doonte bépp desin bu xóot dafay tëggin, du bépp tëggin mooy desin bu xóot - liggéey yu bari ci tëggin dañuy dagg, bënd, wala forme bu xóotul. Taxawaay bi gëna am solo mooy xóotaayu diametre: su weesee lu tollu ci 0.5, dañu jàpp ni rëdd bu xóot la.
Lan mooy ratio bi gëna mag biñ mëna am?
Ngir benn etape desin, ratio desin bi gëna mag mooy 2.0-2.2 ngir asiye bu woyof, 1.8-2.0 ngir asiye inox, ak 1.8-2.0 ngir aleage aluminium. Ci etape yu bari ak annealing ci digganté etape yi, ratio cumulatif yu 3.0-4.0 mën nañu ko amee. Limite bi gëna jubal mingi aju ci màndarga yi, geometrie matris bi, anam wi ñuy lubrifie, ak gaawaayu pres bi.
Ban dëgëraay la mëna am ci wàll yiñ desine bu baax?
Dessin bu xóot mën na ànd ak yaatuwaayu yaatuwaay yu bari — daale ko ci 0.1 mm foil for micro-components (poti batëri, koppu kaptër) ba 12-16 mm ngir piyeesu tabax bu diis (komposant oto bu mag). Rasio yaatuwaayam ak diametre bi (t/D) mooy parametre bi gëna am solo te du yaatuwaayu absolu bi kese.
Ndax mën nañu boole desine bu xóot ak yeneen xeeti liggéey?
Waaw. Nataal bu xóot dañu koy faral di boole ak piercing (defar ay pax ci wàll wiñ desine), bride (defar bët ci pax yi wala catu yi), relief (defar màndarga yu yéeg), ak file (defar fiil yu biir wala yu biti). Liggéeyukaay yooyu mën nañu leen boole ci benn jumtukaay buy yokk wala buy toxal, wàññi njëgu jëfandikoo gi ci ñaareelu yoon.
naka may xamee ni sama wàll mën na nekk dessin bu xóot?
Yonnee sa wàll desin wala model 3D ci sunu ekipu ingenieur DFM gratuit (Design pour fabrication) ci sunu RFQ page. Danuy jàngat ratio desin yi, rayon koñ yi, tànneefi macceer yi, ak tolerans yi ñuy laaj ngir xam pexem forme bi gëna baax ba noppi joxe rapoor bu leer ci mëna dem ci diiru 24 waxtu.
Related Resources
- Gitu estampage dessin profond — Doxalin, jumtukaay, ak tegtali jëmmal ngir tëggin bu xóot.