Inkqubo yeDraw Deepchanic Uthintelo
IiNgcaciso zeDatha eziphambili: Umlinganiselo wokukhawulela umzobo wokuqala yi-2.0:1 yentsimbi kunye ne-1.6:1 ye-aluminiyam. Phinda udwebe umlinganiselo wehla ukuya kwi-1.3-1.5: 1 kwinqanaba ngalinye. Izantya zokudweba zivela kwi-5 ukuya kwi-50 m / min kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziphathekayo kunye nejometri. Amandla omnini angenanto alingana ne-0.5–1.5% yamandla emveliso × indawo engenanto. Ukunciphisa udonga kulawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-10-15% yobuninzi bokuqala kwiinkqubo ezifanelekileyo.
Yintoni uMzobo onzulu?
Umzobo onzuluukwenza isinyithiinkqubo yokubumba i-etal apho i-flat blank itsalwa ngokukhawuleza kwi-forming die ngesenzo somatshini we-punch, ukuvelisa icandelo elingenamthungo, elingenanto kunye nobunzulu obudlula i-diameter yayo. Ngokungafaniyo nokusebenza kwesitampu esisika okanye ukugoba izinto, umzobo onzulu intsimbi yeplastiki kwiimilo ezine-dimensional ezintathu njengeekomityi, iinkonkxa, amaqokobhe, iindawo ezivaliweyo, kunye neepaneli zomzimba weemoto.
Igama elithi "ubunzulu" libhekisela kumlinganiselo wobunzulu ukuya kwi-diameter: xa ubunzulu obuzotyiweyo budlula ubukhulu becala, inkqubo ihlelwa njengomzobo onzulu. Amacandelo anobunzulu-nobubanzi bomlinganiselo odlula i-1.0 ngokuqhelekileyo afuna izigaba ezininzi zokudweba (ukuphinda udwebe) ukufezekisa ijometri yokugqibela ngaphandle kokungaphumeleli kwezinto. Kwi- Dongguan Chenghui Intelligent Technology, sihlala sivelisa iindawo ezinzulu kunye ne-draw ratios ukuya kwi-2.2 kwinqanaba elilodwa kunye ne-3.5 kwizigaba ezininzi zezinto ezifana ne-DC04 yensimbi epholileyo kunye ne-304 yensimbi engenasici.
Umzobo onzulu usetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuwo wonke amashishini - ukusuka iimoto (iipani zeoyile, iitanki zamafutha, i-sensor housings) ukuya ku- elektroniki (iitoti zebhetri, amaqokobhe okuqhagamshela), izixhobo zonyango (izindlu zesixhobo sotyando), kunye i-aerospace (elightweight structural). Inkqubo ihambisa iinxalenye ezinomphezulu ogqwesileyo ogqibeleleyo, ukunyamezelwa kobukhulu obuqinileyo (± 0.05 mm enokufezekiswa), kunye neempawu zoomatshini ezingaguqukiyo ngenxa yokuqina komsebenzi ngexesha lokuguqulwa.
Inkqubo yokuzoba nzulu: Inyathelo ngenyathelo
1. ULungiselelo olungenanto
Inkqubo iqala ngokusikwa kwephepha lentsimbi ukuya kwiplanga elingenanto. Idayamitha engenanto igqitywe kusetyenziswa i- umgaqo wommandla ongaguqukiyoKwikomityi yecylindrical ngaphandle kweflange, ububanzi obungenanto D bunokuqikelelwa ngolu hlobo:
D = √(d² + 4dh) - apho d yikomityi engaphakathi kwedayamitha kwaye h bubude bekomityi.
Ukuvala ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa kumatshini wokushicilela kusetyenziswa idiyizi engenanto. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphathekayo ngundoqo weendleko apha; ukulungiswa kwendlwane kunokuphumeza i-70-85% yokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphathekayo kwiindawo ezingenanto ezijikelezayo. I-Lubricant isetyenziswa kwindawo engenanto phambi kokuba umzobo unciphise ukukhuhlana kunye nokuthintela ukukrala. I-
2. Umsebenzi wokuqala wokuzoba
Indawo engenanto ibekwe phezu komngxuma wokufa, kwaye i-punch ihla, inyanzelisa isinyithi ukuba sihambe ngeplastiki kwidiyizi. I- isibambi esingenanto (ekwabizwa ngokuba ngumsesane wokuzoba okanye i-binder) ifaka uxinzelelo olulawulwayo kwindawo yeflange engenanto, ukuthintela ukushwabana ngelixa uvumela izinto ukuba zingene ngaphakathi. Ukucocwa phakathi kwe-punch kunye nokufa ngokuqhelekileyo kuvela kwi- 1.1t ukuya ku-1.3t (apho i-t bubunzima bezinto eziphathekayo), iqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwezinto ngaphandle kwe-ayina.
I umda wokutsala umyinge (LDR) - umlinganiselo ophezulu we-diameter engenanto ukuya kwi-punch ububanzi obunokutsalwa kwinqanaba elilodwa ngaphandle kokungaphumeleli - ngokuqhelekileyo livela kwi-1.8 ukuya kwi-2.2 ye-alloys yensimbi, i-1.6 ukuya kwi-1.9 ye-aluminium, kunye ne-1.74 yensimbi engenazinsimbi, kunye ne-1.74 yensimbi engenasici. Ukugqithisa i-LDR kufuna izigaba ezininzi.
3. Ukuzoba ngokutsha kunye nokuAyina
Xa ubunzulu obujoliswe budlula i-LDR yenqanaba elinye, ikomityi etsalwa ngokuyinxenye idlula enye okanye ngaphezulu ukuzoba ngokutsha imisebenzi. Inqanaba ngalinye lokuzoba ngokutsha linciphisa ngokuqhubekayo ububanzi kwaye linyuse ubunzulu. Phakathi kwezigaba, inxalenye inokufuna i- process annealing ukukhulula ukuqina komsebenzi kunye nokubuyisela i-ductility - ebalulekileyo kwizinto ezifana ne-304 stainless steel and deep.5 aluminium-drawing.
Uku-ayina yinkqubo enxulumeneyo apho udonga lwekomityi lucuthwa kwaye londiswe ngokudlula kuthotho lokufa kunye nokucocwa okuncinci okuncinci, ukuvelisa ubukhulu obufanayo bodonga. I-ayina isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiitoti zesiselo kunye namacandelo amancinci ane-tubular.
iMida yokuzoba, iMida, kunye neMithetho yoYilo
Ukuqonda umlinganiselo wokuzoba ngundoqo kuyilo oluyimpumelelo lomzobo olunzulu. Iiparamitha eziphambili zibandakanya:
- Zoba umlinganiselo (β) = D/d — apho uD isidayamitha esingenanto kwaye d yidayamitha yepunch. U-β ka-2.0 uthetha ukuba indawo engenanto iphinda kabini idiameter yepunch.
- Ireyishini yokuNcitshiswa (r) = (D - d) / D × 100% - iinjineli ezininzi zikhetha ukuvakalisa ukunciphisa njengepesenti.
- Ukutyeba-ukuya kuMdamitha weRatiyo (t/D) - iparameter ebalulekileyo: ixabiso elingaphezulu kwe-1% livumela umlinganiselo ophezulu wokutsalwa.
ireyishini ephezulu ecetyisiweyo yezixhobo zokuqala: intsimbi ethambileyo DC01 / DC04: 2.0-2.2, 304 i-stainless2: 01., 5052 aluminiyam (O-ubushushu): 1.8-2.0, kunye ubhedu C11000: 1.9-2.1. I-Annealing ephakathi kwenqanaba inokunyusa umlinganiselo wokutsalwa okuqokelelweyo ukuya kwi-3.0 okanye ngaphezulu.
Imithetho yoyilo yeendawo ezizotyiweyo ezinzulu zibandakanya: ukugcina ubuncinci bekona iradius ye- 1-2× ubukhulu bezinto kwimpumlo ye-punch kunye ne- 4-8× ubukhulu kwiradiyo yokufa, ukuphepha ukuguquka okubukhali okugxininisa uxinzelelo, kunye noyilo lobunzima bodonga olufanayo ngaphandle kokuba i-ayina icwangcisiwe.
Iziphene eziqhelekileyo kunye noThintelo
Ukushwabana (I-Flange Wrinkles)
Ukushwabana kwenzeka kwindawo yeflange xa uxinzelelo lwehupula olucinezelayo ludlula ukuxhathisa kwesixhobo. UThintelo: ukwandisa amandla omnini angenanto (BHF), ukwandisa i-BHF kulo lonke i-stroke (iinkqubo eziguquguqukayo zeBHF), kwaye uqinisekise ukuthambisa okufanelekileyo kwindawo yeflange. Isiqalo esihle se-BHF simalunga ne- 1.5-2.5% yemveliso yamandla exesha le-flange.
Ukukrazula kunye nokuqhekeka
Ukukrazuka ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kwirediyasi yempumlo yempumlo okanye kudonga lwekomityi apho imathiriyeli ifumana olona xinzelelo luphezulu loxinzelelo. Oonobangela bengcambu babandakanya: umlinganiselo wokutsalwa ngokugqithisileyo, ukungonelanga komgcini ongenanto (izinto zokubambisa), i-die radii egugileyo, okanye ukuthanjiswa okungonelanga kwicala le-punch. UThintelo: hlala ngaphakathi kwemida ye-LDR, gcina iindawo zokufa ezipholisiweyo (Ra ≤ 0.2 μm), kwaye usebenzise i-lubrication ehlukeneyo - i-lubricant kwindawo ye-flange, i-lubricant encinci kwi-punch impumlo ukunyusa ukungqubuzana okufunekayo apho '
I-Springback kunye ne-Dimensional Deviation
Emva kokuba ipunch irhoxile, ukubuyiswa kwe-elastic kubangela ukuba indawo ibuyele umva kancinci, ngakumbi emlonyeni wekomityi kunye nodonga. I-Springback ibonakala ngakumbi kwizixhobo eziphezulu zamandla kunye ne-alloys ye-aluminium. UThintelo: Buyekeza ijiyometri yokufa, sebenzisa ukunqanda okanye ukwenza iisayizi, kwaye uqwalasele umyinge wemathiriyeli weModulus-ukukhupha amandla xa uqikelela umva.
Indlebe
Indlebe ibhekiselele kumacandelwana angama-wavy kumphezulu wekomityi ezotyiweyo ebangelwa yi-planar anisotropy (iipropati ezahlukeneyo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zeshiti). Oku kubangela inkunkuma yezinto eziphathekayo ngexesha lokulungisa. UThintelo: sebenzisa izixhobo zeshidi ezineempawu zokuvalela eziphantsi (umzekelo, i-aluminium alloys 5052 kunye ne-3003), lungisa ukuqhelaniswa okungenanto malunga nolwalathiso olujikelezayo, kwaye uvumele isibonelelo esaneleyo se-trim (5-10% yokuphakama kwekomityi).
Izixhobo zoMzobo oNzulu
Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukutsaleka, ubomi besixhobo, kunye nenxalenye yeendleko. Ezona zinto ziqhele ukutsalwa nzulu ziquka:
- Intsimbi yeCarbon ephantsi (DC01, DC04, SPCC, SPCD): Ukutsala okugqwesileyo, ixabiso eliphantsi. Zoba umlinganiselo ukuya kwi-2.2 yenqanaba elinye. Ilungele izibiyeli zeemoto, iipaneli zesixhobo, kunye neendawo zoshishino jikelele.
- iStainless Steel (304, 316L, 430): Ukumelana nokubola kunye namandla aphezulu. Kunzima ngakumbi ukuzoba ngenxa yokuqina komsebenzi; ifuna ukufakwa phakathi kweqonga. Isetyenziselwa iisinki zasekhitshini, izixhobo zonyango, kunye nezixhobo zokulungisa imichiza.
- I-Aluminiyam iAluminiyam (1050, 3003, 5052-O): Ikhaphukhaphu kunye nokwakheka okulungileyo. I-5052-O ngokukodwa inika ukutsaleka okugqwesileyo okunzulu. Ixhaphakile kwizindlu zombane, izakhiwo ezikhaphukhaphu zeemoto, kunye nezikhongozeli zokutya.
- Copper kunye neC21 Bras0000: Ukuqhuba okugqwesileyo kunye nokwakheka. Isetyenziselwa izihlanganisi zombane, izixhobo zemibhobho, kunye nezixhobo zokuhombisa.
Ubushushu besixhobo (i-annealed vs. hard-rolled) ichaphazela kakhulu ukutsaleka - soloko ucacisa annealed (O-temper) okanye umgangatho onzulu wokuzoba (DQ) amabakala okwenza imisebenzi.
Umzobo oNzulu vs. Ezinye iiNkqubo zeMetal
xa kuthelekiswa no isitampu esiqhelekileyo, umzobo onzulu wenza ubunzulu, ubunzulu bobunzulu obunomqolo. Ngokungafaniyo ne- i-ufa oqhubekayo isitampu ezigqwesa kwi-high-volume flat okanye iindawo ezigobileyo, umzobo onzulu ugxile kwiindawo ezivaliweyo ezingenamthungo. Ngokuchasene ne- ukujikeleza kwesinyithi, umzobo onzulu unikeza amaxesha omjikelo okhawulezayo (5-20 imivumbo / i-superpu umzuzu iphinda-phindwa) 10,000 amaqhekeza. Xa kuthelekiswa i-hydroforming, umzobo onzulu unobunzima obuphantsi besixhobo kunye namaxesha okuseta ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezilinganayo.
Ukufumana isikhokelo ekukhetheni eyona nkqubo ilungileyo kwicandelo lakho lejometri, ndwendwela metal umenzi isitampu iphepha okanye cela quote yokuhlaziywa kwe-DFM yamahhala.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo
Yintoni umahluko phakathi komzobo onzulu kunye nesitampu?
Umzobo onzulu luhlobo oluthile lwesitampu oludala iindawo ezingenanto, ezingenamthungo ngokuzoba isinyithi seshiti kumngxunya wokufa. Ngelixa wonke umzobo onzulu ugximfiza, ayizizo zonke izitampu ezizoba nzulu - uninzi lwemisebenzi yokutampa ibandakanya ukusika, ukugoba, okanye ukubumba okunganzulwanga. Umahluko ophambili ngu- ubunzulu ukuya kububanzi bomlinganiselo: xa idlula malunga ne-0.5, inkqubo ithathwa njengomzobo onzulu.
Ngowuphi umlinganiselo wokutsalwa ofikelelekayo?
Kwinqanaba elinye lomzobo, ubungakanani bomzobo obuphezulu buqhelekile. 2.0-2.2 yentsimbi ethambileyo, 1.8-2.0 yensimbi engenasici, kunye 1.8-2.0 ialloys aluminiyam. Kuzo zonke izigaba ezininzi kunye ne-inter-stage annealing, i-cumulative draw ratios ye-3.0-4.0 iyafikeleleka. Umda ochanekileyo uxhomekeke kwiipropati eziphathekayo, i-geometry yokufa, iimeko zokuthambisa, kunye nesantya sokushicilela.
Ingaba iindawo ezitsalwe nzulu kangakanani?
Umzobo onzulu uthatha uluhlu olubanzi - ukusuka kwi- 0.1 mm ifoyile kumacandelo amancinci (iitoti zebhetri, iikomityi zenzwa) ukuya kuthi ga kwi- 12-16 mm kwiindawo zesakhiwo esinzima (iinqanawa zoxinzelelo, iinqununu ezinkulu zemoto). Ubungakanani bobukhulu ukuya kwi-diameter ratio (t/D) yiparameter ebalulekileyo kunobunzima obupheleleyo bodwa.
Ngaba umzobo onzulu unokudibaniswa nezinye iinkqubo?
Ewe. Umzobo onzulu udityaniswa rhoqo kunye ne- ukugqobhoza (ukudala imingxuma kwindawo ezotyiweyo), flanging (ukwenza umlebe ojikeleze imingxuma okanye imiphetho), embossing (ukudala iimpawu eziphakanyisiweyo), kunye umsonto (ukwenza imicu yangaphakathi okanye yangaphandle). Le misebenzi inokudityaniswa kwisixhobo esinye esiqhubela phambili okanye sokudlulisa, ukunciphisa iindleko zokuphatha okwesibini.
Ndazi njani ukuba indawo yam ifanelekile kumzobo onzulu?
Thumela inxalenye yakho yomzobo okanye imodeli ye-3D kwiqela lethu lobunjineli kwi- simahla iDFM (uYilo lokwenziwa koMveliso) uphononongo ngokusebenzisa yethu RFQ iphepha. Sivavanya ireyishini yokuzoba, i-corner radii, ukhetho lwemathiriyeli, kunye neemfuno zokunyamezelana ukumisela isicwangciso esisiso sokwenza kunye nokubonelela ngengxelo ecacileyo yokwenzeka kwiiyure ezingama-24.
Izixhobo eziNxulumeneyo
- Isikhokelo soMzobo onzulu - Inkqubo, izixhobo, kunye nezikhokelo zoyilo lwesitampu esinzulu sokuzoba.