Yonke imisebenzi yesitampu yesinyithi idibana neziphene - ii-burrs, iintanda, imibimbi, i-springback, kunye nemikrwelo yomhlaba yinxalenye yenkqubo. Umahluko phakathi kokuqhutywa kwemveliso enenzuzo kunye nemfumba ye-scrap yindlela okhawuleza ngayo ukuxilonga unobangela kunye nokuphumeza isenzo sokulungisa. Nge Izahlulo zeMetal isitampu, iqela lethu lomgangatho libhale ngaphezulu kweepatheni zeziphene ezingama-200 kwiminyaka engama-20+ yokufa okuqhubelekayo, ukufa kokudluliselwa, kunye nesitampu esinzulu sokutsalwa. Esi sikhokelo sabelana ngezona ziphene zixhaphakileyo, oonobangela bazo, kunye nezenzo zolungiso eziqinisekisiweyo.
Isitampu isiphene kuko nakuphi na ukutenxa kuluhlu oluchaziweyo, umgangatho, okanye iimfuno zokusebenza kwendawo egximfiziweyo, ebangelwa ziipropati zemathiriyeli, imeko yokufa, iiparamitha zocinezelo, okanye imiba yokuthambisa ngexesha lokuqulunqwa.
Uphononongo oluqhelekileyo lweSitampu seMetal
Iziphene zesitampu ziwela kwiindidi ezintlanu ngokusekelwe apho zisuka khona. Ukuqonda udidi kunciphisa umda wokusombulula ingxaki:
- Iziphene zezinto - ubunzima obungahambelaniyo, ukuguquguquka kobuninzi, ukubandakanywa, imiba yendlela yeenkozo
- Die defects - imiphetho egqwethiweyo, ukufakwa kwe-chiped, izikhululo ezingalungiswanga, imvume engachanekanga
- Iziphene zokucofa - ukuhluka kweetoni, ukungahambi kakuhle kwesilayidi, ukungahambelani kwesantya, uxinzelelo lwe-cushion
- Lubrication defects -i-lubricant eyaneleyo, i-viscosity engalunganga, ukungcoliswa kwesicelo.
- Iziphene zoyilo -Irediya eqinile, umlinganiselo onganelanga wokutsalwa, uphuhliso olungenanto olungenanto, izithinteli ezilahlekileyo
Burr Formation and Edge Umgangatho Issues
IiBurrs sesona siphene sixhaphakileyo sokuntanta - phantse yonke into engenanto kunye nokugqobhoza ivelisa inqanaba elithile le-burr. Umbuzo ngowokuba ingaba ubude be-burr bungaphezulu kwenkcazo.
Iingcambu ezibangela iiBurrs ezigqithisileyo
- I-punch egugileyo okanye i-die edges Unobangela #1. Iincam zenqindi ziba buthuntu ngokuthe ngcembe nge-stroke nganye. Isixhobo sentsimbi yeCarbon silahlekelwa bubukhali emva kokubetha kwe-500,000-1,000,000; I-carbide igcina umgangatho we-edge for 5,000,000+ hits.
- Ucoceko olungachanekanga — ucoceko oluxinene kakhulu okanye olubanzi kakhulu luvelisa iipateni ezahlukeneyo zebhar. Ukucocwa ngokufanelekileyo yi-5-8% yobunzima bezinto eziphathekayo kwicala ngalinye lokuvala ngokubanzi, i-3-5% yomsebenzi ochanekileyo.
- Ukwahluka kobunzima beMaterial - izinto ezingenayo ezinzima kunokuba zichazwe zifuna amandla amaninzi okucheba, ukuvelisa i-rollover kunye ne-burr. Qinisekisa ukuqina kwekhoyili engenayo ngokuchasene neenkcukacha zoyilo lokufa.
- Off-center ukulayisha - iinxalenye ze-asymmetric okanye iindawo ezingenanto ezingenanto zibangela ukubandakanyeka okungalinganiyo kwe-punch-to-die, kugxininise ukunxiba kwelinye icala.
Corrective Actions
| Uphawu | Root Cause | Lungisa |
|---|---|---|
| Burr inyuka ngokuthe ngcembe ngokuhamba kwexesha | Isinxibo se-Edge | Regrind punch / die; misela isithuba sokukhusela |
| Burr enye kuphela | Ukulayishwa okanye ukungahambi kakuhle | Jonga ulungelelwaniso lokufa, ukudibana komqhubi, ulungelelwaniso lomgca |
| Burr kwistroke yokuqala | Ukucoca kubanzi kakhulu okanye kuqine kakhulu | Ukulinganisa ukukhutshwa; phinda-shim okanye ugaye kwakhona kwi-spec |
| I-burr engapheliyo kwiindawo ezingahleliweyo | Ukwahluka kobunzima beMaterial | Qinisekisa imathiriyeli engenayo; qinisa ukuhlolwa okungenayo |
Ukuqhekeka kunye nokuqhekeka ngexesha lokwenziwa
Iintanda zenzeke xa uhlobo olusetyenzisiweyo ludlula umthamo wezinto zokwandisa. Olu lolona didi lwesiphene lubiza kakhulu - iindawo eziqhekekileyo ziyi-100% yenkunkuma.
Iintlobo zeCrack eziqhelekileyo
- Ukuqhekeka komphetho - iintanda eziqala kwi-cut cut of the blank, zisasaza kwindawo eyenziweyo. Ibangelwa yi-burr-induced stress concentration, imeko emphethweni ukusuka ekuchebeni kwangaphambili, okanye izinto ezinokunwebeka okuphantsi komphetho (amabakala e-AHSS).
- I-Radius cracking - iintanda kwindawo yangaphandle ye-bend okanye i-radius draw. Ibangelwa yiradiyasi iqine kakhulu kwiradiyasi encinci yokugoba, okanye ukugoba ngaxeshanye kwicala lokuqengqeleka.
- inguqu ye-Wrinkle-to-crack - kumzobo onzulu, uxinzelelo olungenanto olungenanto luthintela ukushwabana kodwa lucotha kakhulu eludongeni, lubangela ukwaphuka kwiradiyasi yokufa.
- Corner cracking - iintanda kwiikona zomzobo wexande apho izinto zolulela kumacala amabini ngaxeshanye. Ifuna amaso okuzoba okanye ijometri yesongezo ukulawula ukuhamba kwentsimbi.
Izicwangciso zoThintelo
- Qinisekisa ulwandiso lwemathiriyeli — imathiriyeli engenayo kufuneka ihlangabezane nobude obuncinci obuchaziweyo (umzekelo, ≥37% ye-SPCC, ≥41% ye-SPCE). Cela iingxelo zovavanyo lokusila ngekhoyili nganye.
- Hlonipha ubuncinci be-bend radii - annealed 304 stainless: 1.0T; I-aluminium ye-6061-T6: 3.0T; DP780 intsimbi: 1.5T. Yila i-radii ≥ ubuncinci be-alloy yakho kunye nomsindo.
- ukugoba kwe-Orient kwi-perpendicular ukuya kwicala lenkozo — ukugoba ngaxeshanye ukuya kwicala eliqengqelekayo kunciphisa ubude obukhoyo ngama-20–40%.
- Sebenzisa ukulinganisa kwe-FEA - ukwenza isoftware yokulinganisa (i-AutoForm, i-PAM-STAMP, i-LS-DYNA) iqikelela ukuncipha, ukuqhekeka, kunye nokushwabana ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kokufa. Ukulinganisa i-$ 5,000 kunokuthintela i-$ 50,000 yokufa kwakhona.
Ukushwabana kwiiNdawo eziNtobileyo eziNzulu
Ukushwabana kumzobo onzulu kwenzeka xa uxinzelelo lwehoop ecinezelayo kwiflange idlula umzobo wesixhobo sokwenza umzobo, obangela ukunyanzeliswa kwebhanti.
Ukushwabana kuhambelana nokuqhekeka - uxinzelelo oluncinci kakhulu olungenanto luvumela imibimbi; kakhulu kubangela ukuqhekeka. Ukufumana eyona festile ilungileyo ngumceli mngeni ongundoqo wophuhliso loyilo olunzulu.
Iingcambu ezibangela
- Anelanga amandla omntu ongenanto - esona sizathu siqhelekileyo. Yongeza uxinzelelo lwe-cushion ngokunyukayo de imibimbi inyamalale ngaphandle kokwenza ukuncipha.
- Umlinganiselo wokutsalwa ngokugqithisileyo — umda wokutsala enye yi ~ 2.0 yentsimbi, ~ 1.8 ye-stainless kunye ne-aluminium. Ukogqitha oku kufuna umzobo onamanqanaba amaninzi kunye ne-annealing ephakathi.
- Uneven lubrication - i-lubricant engaphezulu kwelinye icala inciphisa ukukhuhlana kwendawo, ivumela loo ndawo ukuba yondle ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-buckle.
- Imilo engenanto - izikhala ezijikelezayo zeekomityi ezijikelezayo; izikhewu ezingezizo ezetyhula zifuna iimilo eziphuculweyo (ziphuhliswe ukusuka kwi-FEA okanye kwi-tryout) ukulinganisa ukuhamba kwesinyithi.
Corrective Actions
- Yandisa amandla okubamba okungenanto kwi-5-10% yonyuso de imibimbi ipheliswe
- Yongeza amaso okuzoba ukulawula ukuhamba kwesinyithi kwiindawo ezithile
- Tshintsha ukusuka kwisibambi esingenanto esisicaba ukuya kwiprofayili yesibambi enyathelweyo okanye ejikisiweyo
- Ukuba umzobo ungaphezulu komda wenqanaba elinye, yongeza isikhululo sokuzoba ngokutsha
- Nciphisa i-viscosity ye-lubricant okanye utshintshele kwi-lubricant ephezulu ye-friction kwicala lesibambi elingenanto
Springback Dimensional iimpazamo
Springback kubuyiselo olulastiki oluthi lwenzeka ngokuyinxenye emva kokuvela kolunye uhlobo. Ngowona mthombo mkhulu omnye wempazamo yedimensional kwiijiko ezinesitampu.
I-Springback ichaphazela yonke indawo egobileyo okanye eyenziweyo. Ubukhulu buxhomekeke kumandla emveliso yezinto, umlinganiselo we-radius-to-thickness ratio (R/T), kunye ne-engile yokugoba. Iintsimbi eziphezulu (AHSS) kunye ne-alloys ye-aluminiyam zibonisa i-springback eninzi kunentsimbi ethambileyo.
Quantifying Springback
- Mild steel (SPCC): 0.5-1.5 ° i-springback kwi-90 ° bend, i-R/T = 1
- 4: 2–4 ° springback kwiimeko ezifanayo
- DP780 AHSS: I-4–8 ° i-springback - idinga imbuyekezo enobudlova
- I-6061-T6 i-aluminiyam: 3–5 ° springback
Iindlela zeMbuyekezo
- Ukugqithisa - yila i-engile yokufa ukuze igqithe ngexabiso eliqikelelweyo le-springback. Eyona nto isebenzayo kwiigobe ezilula.
- Bottoming / coining - sebenzisa amandla agqithisileyo ukuseta ngokweplastiki ukugoba, ukunciphisa i-springback ukuya kwi-zero springback. Ifuna i-5-10 × ithoni yokugoba emoyeni.
- Eguquguqukayo R/T - i-radius ye-punch eqinile iyanciphisa i-springback kodwa yandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka. Fumana irediyasi encinci engaqhekeki.
- Ukuqulunqa okushushu — kumabanga e-AHSS ngaphezulu kwe-980 MPa, ukubumba okufudumeleyo kwi-200-300 ° C kunciphisa kakhulu i-springback ngelixa kugcinwa amandla emva kokucima.
Iziphene zoMphezulu: Imikrwelo, iGalling, kunye nePickup
Iziphene zobuso ngexesha lesitampu zivela kwintsebenziswano ye-die-workpiece. Ukudluliselwa kwesinyithi (i-galling), i-abrasive scratches, kunye ne-pickup yokufa yenza amanqaku abonakalayo angamkelekanga kwizinto zokuthambisa okanye ezisebenzayo.
Galling kunye neMetal Transfer
Ukugalela kwenzeka xa iwelding encinci phakathi kwendawo yokusebenza kunye nedie surface ihambisa imathiriyeli ekufeni, kudala imikrwelo eqhubekayo kwiindawo ezilandelayo. I-Austenitic stainless steel (304, 301) yisona sono sibi kakhulu ngenxa yokuthambekela kokuqina komsebenzi kunye nendalo yokunamathela.
- UThintelo: sebenzisa i-coated coated, i-DNLC yobunzima bokufa ≥60 HRC, sebenzisa i-lubricants yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye ne-EP (uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo) izongezo, ukunciphisa ukubunjwa kwesantya.
- Ukugcinwa kokufa: i-polish die surfaces yonke imivumbo ye-10,000-50,000; kwakhona idyasi xa ukutyabeka kubonisa ukunxiba.
Die Marks kunye nemigca yokuStamping
- Die lines - imigqaliselo ephakanyisiweyo kwindawo ehambelana nokutshintshwa kweeradius. I-Polish die radii ukuya kwi-Ra ≤ 0.2 µm yeendawo zokuthambisa.
- Imigca yokolula (iibhendi zeLüders) - imigca ebonakalayo kwiindawo zetsimbi eziphantsi kwekhabhoni ukusuka ekuvuneni okungapheliyo. Ukuphelisa ngokucacisa intsimbi egqithisiweyo yesikhumba (i-temper-rolled) okanye ngokunciphisa kwangaphambili i-blank 2-3%.
- Pickup - i-aluminium kunye ne-alloys zethusi zinokufaka izinto kwiindawo zokufa. Sebenzisa i-chrome-plated okanye i-carbide epholisiweyo ifa kunye ne-lubricant efanelekileyo.
Ukungahambelani komdimensional
Ngaphaya kwe-springback, ezinye izinto ezininzi zibangela ukusilela komgangatho kwiindawo ezinesitampu:
- Umahluko wobunzima beMaterial — ± 10% ukuguquguquka kobuninzi kwikhoyili engenayo iguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-± 10% ukwahluka kwimilinganiselo yenxalenye eyenziweyo. Cacisa ukunyamezelwa kobukhulu obuqinileyo (± 0.05 mm kumalungu achanekileyo) kwaye uqinisekise imathiriyeli engenayo. I-
- Die wear - izikhululo zokufa eziqhubekayo zinxiba ngamaxabiso ahlukeneyo. Izikhululo ezimbalwa zokuqala ezingenanto zinxiba ngokukhawuleza kunokwakhiwa kwezikhululo. Landela umkhondo iintsingiselo zedimensional ukuqikelela xa uphinda uphinda ufuneka.
- Ukwandiswa kweThermal - i-speed-speed isitampu (600+ SPM) ivelisa ukushisa kwi-die, ebangela ukukhula kwe-thermal. Kumsebenzi ochanekileyo, sebenzisa into yokupholisa elawulwa ngubushushu kwaye uyilo luyafa ngembuyekezo yobushushu.
- Ukuchaneka kokutya komcu - Ukuchaneka kwe-progressive pitch kuxhomekeke kwimeko ye-feed roll kunye nokuzibandakanya kwepilot pin. Imiqulu yeefeed rolls ezigugileyo ibangela impazamo yepitch ±0.1–0.3 mm, eqokelelana kuzo zonke izikhululo.
Iziphene eziNxulumene neMathiriyeli
Ukufakwa kunye nokuLaminations
I-non-metallic inclusions (i-oxides, i-sulfides) kwi-microstructure yensimbi isebenza njenge-concentrators yoxinzelelo, ebangela ukuqhekeka ngexesha lokubumba okanye ukungaphumeleli kokukhathala kwangaphambili kwinkonzo. Ukufakwa ngaphezulu kwe-ASTM E45 yokulinganisa uhlobo lwe-A 2.0 okanye uhlobo lwe-B 1.5 kufuneka luqalise ukugatywa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo.
Edge Cracking in AHSS
Iintsimbi eziphezulu eziphezulu eziphezulu (DP, TRIP, CP grade) zinokwelula okuphantsi kakhulu kunentsimbi ethambileyo. Umphetho ochetyiweyo osindayo xa usenziwa kwi-SPCC unokuqhekeka kwi-DP780. Uthintelo: sebenzisa i-laser-cut okanye i-edges egayiweyo endaweni ye-edge echetyiweyo ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa kwe-stretch-flange; cacisa umgangatho womgca kumzobo (ubude be-burr, ubunzulu be-rollover).
I-Orenji Peel Surface
Ukukhula okugqithileyo okuziinkozo (ukusuka ekufakweni kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kakhulu okanye ixesha elide) kuvelisa ukuthungwa okubonakalayo “kwexolo leorenji” kumphezulu owenziweyo. Lawula ubushushu be-annealing ± 10 ° C kwaye uchaze ubungakanani bobukhulu beenkozo (i-ASTM E112 inombolo yobungakanani beenkozo ≥ 6 kwiindawo zokuthambisa).
Ukulungisa iNgxaki eKhawulezayo
| Isiphene | Jonga kuqala | Khangela okwesibini | Okwesithathu Jonga |
|---|---|---|---|
| Burr | Ubukhali boMda (regrind) | UkuCoca (umlinganiselo) | Ubunzima beMaterial |
| Crack (radius) | Irediyasi vs ubuncinci obucacileyo | Umkhombandlela wokudla okuziinkozo | Ukwandiswa kwezinto |
| Crack (edge) | Edge imeko (burr) | Ibakala leMathiriyeli (AHSS) | Umgama wokugoba |
| Wrinkle | Blank holder force | umlinganiselo wokuzoba | Lubrication |
| Springback | R/T umlinganiselo | Material isivuno amandla | Die imbuyekezo |
| Scratch/galling | Umphezulu wemeko yokufa | Uhlobo lweLubricant | Die coating |
| I-Dimensional out | Ubukhulu beMaterial | Isikhululo sokunxiba sokufa | Ukuchaneka kokutya |
ULondolozo loThintelo loThintelo lwesiphene
Eyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu yokulawula isiphene sokunyathela kuthintelo ngokulungiswa kokufa okucwangcisiweyo:
- Lonke utshintsho: ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kweendawo zokuqala nezokugqibela; khangela i-burrs, iintanda, kunye namanqaku angaphezulu
- Rhoqo 10,000–25,000 imivumbo: ukulinganisa imilinganiselo ebalulekileyo kwiingxenye zesampulu; jonga umgangatho we-edge
- Rhoqo 50,000–100,000 imivumbo: uhlolo oluneenkcukacha lokufa; linganisa i-punch-to-die clearance; jonga izikhonkwane zesikhokelo kunye namahlahla
- Yonke imivumbo engama-200,000: ukukrazula okugcweleyo, ukucocwa, ukucolwa komphetho, kunye nokutshintshwa kwecandelo
- Landela idatha ye-SPC - iintsingiselo ezinobungakanani zityhila iingxaki ezikhulayo phambi kokuba zivelise inkunkuma. I-CPk yehla ukusuka kwi-1.5 ukuya kwi-1.2 imiqondiso yokuba ukugcinwa kwefa kuyafuneka.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo
Yintoni eyona nto ixhaphakileyo ye-burrs kwisitampu sesinyithi?
I-punch egugileyo kunye ne-die edges ngunobangela we-70-80% yezikhalazo ze-burr. I-Punch edges iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe nge-stroke nganye - i-carbon steel tooling ifuna ukubuyisela yonke i-500,000 ukuya kwi-1,000,000 hits, ngelixa i-carbide tooling igcina umgangatho we-edge we-5,000,000+ hits. Ukuseka ishedyuli yothintelo yokubuyisela kwakhona esekwe kwinxalenye yedatha yomgangatho kuphelisa uninzi lwemiba ye-burr phambi kokuba ifike kumthengi.
Ndikuthintela njani ukuqhekeka xa ndinyathela intsimbi ephezulu yokuqina (AHSS)?
amabakala e-AHSS (DP590, DP780, DP980, MS1200) anobude obuphantsi kunye nokwelula komphetho kunentsimbi ethambileyo. Amanyathelo okuthintela angundoqo: (1) i-design bend radii ≥ 1.0T ye-DP590, ≥ 1.5T ye-DP780, ≥ 2.5T ye-DP980; (2) ukugoba kwe-orient perpendicular to rolling direction; (3) sebenzisa i-laser-cut okanye imiphetho ecolisiweyo endaweni yeencam ezichetyiweyo kwiimpawu ezinwebekayo; (4) ucacise izithambisi zoxinzelelo oluphezulu ezinezongezo ze-EP; (5) qwalasela ukubumba okufudumeleyo (200–300°C) kwezona geometri zifuna kakhulu.
Yintoni eyenza i-springback kwaye ndiyihlawulela njani?
I-Springback yi-elastic recovery emva kokwenziwa - inxalenye ibuyela kwimo yayo yokuqala. Iyanda ngamandla esivuno esiphezulu, umlinganiselo omkhulu we-R/T, kunye ne-engile yokugoba encinci. Iindlela zembuyekezo zibandakanya ukugqithisa (i-design die angle 2-8 ° i-target target edlulileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto), i-bottom / coining (5-10× i-air-bending tonnage), kunye nokusebenzisa i-radii ye-punch eqinile. Kwi-AHSS ngaphezu kwe-980 MPa, ukubumba okushushu kwi-200-300 ° C kunika ulawulo oluthembekileyo lwe-springback.
Ndiyicombulula njani ingxaki yokushwabana kumzobo onzulu?
Ukushwabana kweziphumo ezisuka konelanga loxinzelelo lobambi, umlinganiselo wokutsalwa ngokugqithisileyo, okanye ukuthambisa okungalinganiyo. Qala ngokunyusa amandla omnini angenanto kwi-5-10% ngokunyuka. Ukuba imibimbi iyaqhubeka kuxinzelelo olukhulu lomqamelo, yongeza amaso okuzoba ukunqanda ukuhamba kwentsimbi kwiindawo ezithile. Ukuba i-draw ratio idlula i-2.0 (intsimbi) okanye i-1.8 (i-aluminium), yongeza isikhululo sokudweba kwakhona. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-lubricant engalinganiyo kunokubangela ukushwabana kwe-asymmetric - qinisekisa ukugqunywa ngokuguquguqukayo kwe-lubricant kwindawo engenanto.
Zeziphi iziphene ezikumphezulu ezibangelwa kukunyathela kufa ngokwako?
Ezona ziphene ezithathu zixhaphakileyo ezibangelwa kukufa zezi: (1) i-galling — i-microscopic welding ihambisa isinyithi ukusuka kwi-workpiece ukuya kwi-die, idala imikrwelo eqhubekayo. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo ngensimbi engenasici kunye ne-aluminium. Thintela nge-TiN/DLC-coated tooling kunye ne-EP lubricants. (2) Amanqaku okufa - imigca ephakanyisiweyo kwiinguqu ze-dieradius. Polish die radii ukuya Ra ≤ 0.2 µm. (3) Imigca eyoluliweyo (iibhendi zeLüders) - iimpawu ezibonakalayo zokuyeka ukunikezela kwintsimbi ephantsi kwekhabhoni. Cacisa izinto ezigqithisiweyo zesikhumba (i-temper-rolled) ukuphelisa.
Kufuneka kuhlolwe kwaye kugcinwe kangaphi xa umntu efa?
Ubuncinci bezithuba zokuhlola: ishifti nganye (itshekhi ebonwayo yamalungu okuqala/eyokugqibela), yonke imivumbo eyi-10,000–25,000 (umlinganiselo wobukhulu), zonke i-50,000–100,000 imivumbo (i-die component 200,00 yonke i-stroke) ukucola). Ukunyathela ngesantya esiphezulu (> 600 SPM) okanye izinto ezirhabaxa (intsimbi engenasici, i-high-carbon), nciphisa la mathuba ngesiqingatha. Ukubekwa esweni kwe-SPC yemilinganiselo ebalulekileyo inikezela ngeyona nto ithembekileyo yokuyigcina - i-Cpk yehla ngaphantsi kweempawu ze-1.33 ezidinga ingqalelo yokufa.
Ukuqukumbela
Iziphene zeStamping azinakuphepheka - kodwa ziyakwazi ukulawulwa. Undoqo kukuxilongwa okucwangcisiweyo: chonga udidi lwesiphene (izinto eziphathekayo, ukufa, ukucinezela, ukuthambisa, ukuyila), sebenzisa ingcambu yoluhlu lokuhlola, kwaye wenze isenzo sokulungisa ngaphambi kokuba i-scrap iqokelele.
At Izahlulo zeMetal isitampu, iqela lethu lekhwalithi lisebenzisa ukubeka iliso kwe-SPC kunye nokugcinwa kokuthintela ukufa ukugcina amazinga e-defect angaphantsi kwe-500 PPM kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa. Wonke umntu omtsha uyazama ngokuhlolwa kwenqaku lokuqala ngaphambi kokukhutshwa kwemveliso.
Ngaba ufuna uncedo ngomba womgangatho wesitampu? Qhagamshelana neqela lethu lobunjineli ngenkxaso yokusombulula ingxaki okanye funda ngeesistim zethu zomgangatho.