Isigxivizo sesinyithi se-Aerospace yinkqubo yokwenza i-icwecwe lentsimbi ibe yi-flight-critical components usebenzisa i-precision dies kunye nocinezelo phantsi kolunye unyamezelo oluqinileyo kwimveliso. Isibiyeli esinye kwijethi yorhwebo kufuneka siphile kwimijikelo ye-pressurization engama-60,000, amaqondo obushushu ukusuka ku-−55 °C ukuya +200 °C, kunye nolwelo lwehydraulic oludlekayo - lonke lo gama linobunzima obuncinci kangangoko. Ukufumana imathiriyeli, inkqubo, kunye nesiqinisekiso esingalunganga asiyondlela yokukhetha xa ubomi babantu busesichengeni.
Esi sikhokelo sihamba iinjineli kunye namaqela okuthengwa kwempahla kukhetho lwemathiriyeli, izikhokelo zoqinisekiso, ulindelo lonyamezelo, iimfuno zokulandeleka, kunye noyilo-lokwenziwa-ukwenziwa) uqwalaselo lwe-aerospace ye-DFM. Ukuba ukhangela iindawo ezinesitampu zezakhelo zomoya, iinjini, okanye izindlu zeenqwelomoya, le yireferensi oyifunayo phambi kokuba ukhuphe iRFQ.
Yintoni iAerospace isitampu sentsimbi?
Isitampu sesinyithi se-Aerospace yinkqubo echanekileyo yokwakheka eguqula icwecwe elisicaba okanye isinyithi sekhoyili sibe ngamacandelo enqwelomoya akhiweyo nangezizo ezolwakhiwo kusetyenziswa ukufa okuqhubekayo, ukudluliselwa kufa, okanye isixhobo sokutsala nzulu. Yahlukile kwisitampu semizi-mveliso ngokubanzi kwimfuno yayo yezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokubhabha, iisistim zomgangatho we-AS9100, ukulandeleka okugcweleyo kweqashiso, kunye nokunyamezelana okukholisa ukuqina ngama-50–70 % kunomsebenzi oqhelekileyo worhwebo.
Iinkampani ezifana I-Metal Stamping Parts Ltd gcina izatifikethi, iziseko zophuhliso zokuhlolwa, kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo olufunekayo ukuhambisa iinxalenye ezinesitampu esifanelekileyo ngenqwelomoya.
Izixhobo zokuTampa zeAerospace: Uthelekiso kunye noKhetho
Ukukhetha i-alloy elungileyo sesona sigqibo sibalulekileyo kwistampu ye-aerospace. Izinto eziphathekayo zimisela imida yokwenza, ukunxiba izixhobo, unyango lobushushu emva kwefom, ububanzi bokuhlola, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukuba inxalenye iyadlula ukuhlolwa kwenqaku lokuqala. Itheyibhile engezantsi ithelekisa ezona ngxubevange zixhaphake isitampu se-aerospace.
| I-alloy Family | amaBanga aqhelekileyo | Amandla eTensile (MPa) | Max Service Temp (°C) | Uxinaniso (g/cm³) | Izicelo eziqhelekileyo zeAerospace |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Titanium | Ti-6Al-4V (iBakala 5), CP Ti iBanga lesi-2 | 895–1,100 | 315 | 4.43 | Izibiyeli zesakhiwo, iipaneli ze-injini zokuqinisa |
| I-Nickel Superalloy (Inconel) | Inconel 718, Inconel 625 | 825–1,240 | 700 | 8.19 | iilaphu zeTurbine, iilaphu ezirhangqwayo, iintambo zombane |
| Aluminium | 2024-T3, 6061-T6, 7075-T6 | 276–572 | 150 (7075), 175 (2024) | 2.78 | Izikhumba zamaphiko, iipaneli ze-fuselage, izibiyeli zangaphakathi |
| iPrecipitation-Hardening Stainless | 17-4 PH (AISI 630), 15-5 PH | 930–1,310 | 315 | 7.78 | Izindlu zeActuator, izixhobo zokufika, iibhutsi |
| Cobalt Alloy | Haynes 188, Stellite 6B | 860–965 | 1,095 | 9.13 | Iintsimbi zokutshisa, imithombo yobushushu obuphezulu |
| Copper-Berryllium | C1720 | 410–1,400 (abaneminyaka) | 150 | 8.25 | izixhobo zezindlu |
IiNgqwalaselo zokuKhetha izinto eziPhambili
- Titanium inikeza owona mlinganiselo ungcono wokomelela ukuya kubunzima kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuyigximfiza. Ine-ductility ephantsi kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, ifuna ukwenziwa kobushushu (300–500 °C) kwiijometri ezintsonkothileyo, kunye nezixhobo zenyongo ngokukhawuleza. I-Carbide okanye i-ceramic-coated dies isemgangathweni.
- Inconel 718 lihashe lomsebenzi wokunyathela kwicandelo le-iturbine. Iipropathi zayo ezinobunzima bobudala zihambisa uxhathiso olukhethekileyo lwe-creep ngaphezulu kwe-600 °C, kodwa izinga layo lokuqina lithetha ukuba oomatshini bokushicilela bafuna i-30-40 % yeetoni ngaphezulu kunentsimbi elinganayo.
- Aluminium 7075-T6 yindlela yokuya kumacandelo olwakhiwo anobunzima. Isitampu kakuhle kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi kodwa ichaphazeleka kwi-stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) kwicala eliguquguqukayo eliguquguqukayo - uqwalaselo olubalulekileyo lweendawo ezivezwe kwiindawo ezifumileyo okanye ezitshizwe ngetyuwa.
- 17-4 PH ivala umsantsa phakathi kwentsimbi estainless kunye nealloys nickel. Inokuba yimvula-inzima kwi-Rockwell C 40+ emva kokuqulunqa, ukunika abaqulunqi indlela eya kumandla aphezulu ngaphandle kweendleko ze-Inconel.
Kwiindawo ezivaliweyo ze-aerospace kunye nezindlu, nzulu ukuzoba isitampu idla ngokuba yeyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu yokwenza, ngakumbi kwi-cylindrical okanye i-box-shaped parts kwi-aluminium okanye insimbi engenasici.
IiMfuno zeSiqinisekiso: AS9100, Nadcap, kunye neFAA
ababoneleli bestampu se-Aerospace kufuneka babambe iseti eleleyo yezatifikethi. Akukho satifikethi esinye esaneleyo - bajongana nemiba eyahlukeneyo yomgangatho, amandla enkqubo, kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemithetho.
| Isiqinisekiso | Umzimba okhuphayo | Ububanzi | Yintoni Egubungelayo | Umjikelo wokuhlaziya |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AS9100 Rev D | SAE International / umbhali ogunyazisiweyo | Inkqubo yoLawulo loMgangatho wenqwelomoya, indawo, kunye nokukhusela | Ingcinga esekelwe kwingozi, ulawulo lokucwangciswa, ukulandelwa, ukuhlolwa kwenqaku lokuqala (FAI), ukuthintela inxalenye yenkohliso | Uhlolo lonyaka; Isiqinisekiso seminyaka emi-3 |
| Nadcap (INkqubo yeSizwe yoBubhalo-moya kunye noKhuseleko lweeKontraka) | Iziko lokuPhononongwa kokuSebenza (PRI) | Iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo - ukunyanga ukushisa, i-welding, i-NDT, i-chemical processing, i-coatings | Inkqubo yophicotho oluthe ngqo lweeparamitha, ulungelelwaniso lwezixhobo, isiqinisekiso somsebenzisi, amakhuphoni ovavanyo. | Iinyanga ezili-12–24 ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo kunye nokusebenza komnikezeli |
| FAA Imvume yokuvelisa (PMA / TSO) | Ulawulo lwe-Federal Aviation U. | Imvume yoMvelisi weCandelo okanye ugunyaziso loMgangatho woMgangatho woBugcisa | Ubonisa ukuba indawo etshintshiweyo okanye inxalenye yentengiso iyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokufaneleka emoyeni; ifuna ukuhlolwa kokuthobela kunye novavanyo lokubhabha xa kufanelekile | Iyaqhubeka; ngokuxhomekeke kuphicotho lwe-FAA nangaliphi na ixesha |
| I-EASA Icandelo 21 Inxalenye ye-G | I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lwe-Aviation ye-European Union | Imvume yoMbutho woVeliso kwiinqwelomoya ezibhalisiweyo ze-EU | elingana yaseYurophu ye-FAA PMA; Isinyanzelo seendawo ezifakwe kwinqwelomoya elawulwa yi-EASA | iminyaka emi-2 |
| Boeing D6-82479 / Airbus AIMS | OEM-specific | Umgangatho womboneleli kunye neemfuno zenkqubo eyodwa | Iimfuno ezongezelelweyo ezibekwe phezu kwe-AS9100 - izicwangciso zesampuli ezingqongqo, iindlela zovavanyo oluthile, iipakethi zedatha yedijithali | Ngokweshedyuli yophicotho-zincwadi ye-OEM |
Oku kuthetha ukuthini oku.
- Soloko uqinisekisa uqinisekiso lwe-AS9100 kuvimba weenkcukacha we-SAE OASIS - iziqinisekiso eziphelelwe lixesha okanye ezixhonyiweyo zisisithintelo ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba inxalenye ifuna unyango lobushushu, ukusetyenzwa kweekhemikhali, okanye i-NDT, qinisekisa ukuba umthengisi ubambe umda othile wokuvunywa kwe-Nadcap. Ukuvunywa kweNadcap ye-welding ayifaki ukunyanga ubushushu.
- Ngeentengiso zasemva kwentengiso okanye iindawo ezitshintshiweyo, qinisekisa ukuba umthengisi une-FAA PMA okanye usebenza phantsi kolungiselelo lwelayisenisi kunye nomnini we-TC (uHlobo lweSatifikethi).
Kwi-Metal Stamping Parts Ltd, inkqubo yethu yomgangatho eqinisekisiweyo ye-AS9100D kunye neenkqubo ezikhethekileyo ezivunyiweyo ze-Nadcap ziqinisekisa ukuba yonke into efakwe isitampu se-aerospace ihlangabezana nezona mfuno zifunekayo kushishino.
Iimfuno zoNyamezelo kwiSitampu seAerospace
Unyamezelo lwe-aerospace luqina kakhulu kunestampu jikelele semizi-mveliso. Apho isibiyeli sorhwebo sinokuthwala ±0.13 mm (±0.005 ngaphakathi) kwindawo egobileyo, indawo elingana ne-aerospace ifuna rhoqo ±0.050 mm (±0.002 ngaphakathi) okanye ngaphezulu.
| Uphawu | Unyamezelo lweMizi-mveliso | Unyamezelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-Aerospace | Amanqaku |
|---|---|---|---|
| Umngxuma umngxuma | ±0.08 mm | ±0.025 mm | Ibalulekile kubomi bokuqina kunye nokudinwa |
| i-engile yokugoba | ±1° | ±0.25° | Ichaphazela umgangatho we-aerodynamic kunye ne-assembly stack-up |
| umgama ukuya kumphetho | ±0.13 mm | ±0.050 mm | Iqhutywa kukuthwala uxinzelelo kunye neemfuno zomda we-MIL-HDBK-5 |
| Ukucaba (nge-100 mm nganye) | 0.25 mm | 0.05–0.10 mm | Kubalulekile ukutywinwa komphezulu kunye ne-gasket interfaces |
| Uburhabaxa bomphezulu (Ra) | 3.2 µm | 0.8–1.6 µm | I-Ra esezantsi inciphisa iindawo zokuqalisa ukudinwa |
| Ukunyamezela iprofayili | ±0.15 mm | ±0.05 mm | Ilawula i-contour iyonke yeemilo ezinzima |
Indlela ukunyamezela okuQinisekileyo okufezekiswa ngayo
- Isixhobo somgangatho ochanekileyo - Amacandelo e-Die anqunywe ngocingo-EDM kunye nomhlaba ukuya kwi-± 0.005 mm, emva koko aphuculwe ukugqiba isibuko.
- Kwinkqubo yokulinganisa — Iinkqubo zeLaser okanye zombono zilinganisa imilinganiselo ebalulekileyo kumjikelo ngamnye okanye ngamaxesha achaziweyo.
- Ulawulo lwenkqubo yeStatistical (SPC) — Amaxabiso e-Cpk e-1.33 ubuncinci (iiprimes ezininzi zifuna i-1.67) kwimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo.
- Imveliso elawulwa ngubushushu - Ubushushu bomgangatho wevenkile bugcinwe kuma-20 ±2 °C ukuphelisa iimpazamo zokwanda kwe-thermal kwiindawo ezinyamezelayo.
Iimfuno zokuTyeleka
Ukulandeleka akuxoxiswana kwi-aerospace. Yonke indawo enesitampu kufuneka ilandelelwe ukusuka kwindawo yobushushu ukuya kwinxalenye egqityiweyo, kunye namaxwebhu ahlala ubomi benqwelomoya (kaninzi 30+ iminyaka).
Yintoni ekufuneka ibhalwe phantsi
- Izatifikethi zezinto eziphathekayo (iziqinisekiso zokugaya) - Iqinisekiswe kwi-AMS (IiNkcazo zeMathiriyeli ye-Aerospace) okanye imigangatho ye-ASTM. Kufuneka ibandakanye ukwakheka kweekhemikhali, iimpawu zomatshini, ubushushu/inombolo yeqashiso, kunye noqinisekiso lovavanyo lwaselebhu.
- Iirekhodi zenkqubo - Ukwenza iiparameters (cofa i-tonnage, isantya, isethi yokufa esetyenzisiweyo), imijikelezo yokushisa ukushisa (iqondo lokushisa, ixesha, umoya, ukucima i-medium), kunye neerekhodi zonyango (i-anodize, i-passivate, i-primer, ipeyinti).
- Iingxelo zoHlolo - Ukuhlolwa kwe-Dimensional (CMM okanye i-optical), ukuhlolwa kwenqaku lokuqala (ifomati ye-AS9102), kunye novavanyo olungenakonakala (NDE) iirekhodi (i-dye-penetrant, ultrasonic, radiographic, eddy-current).
- Iqashiso kunye nolawulo lwe-serial - Iqashiso ngalinye linikwe isichongi esahlukileyo esinxibelelanisa nesatifikethi semathiriyeli, inkqubo yabahambi, kunye nephakheji yokuhlola. Kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo zokubhabha, iinombolo zesiriyali zingafuneka.
Digital Traceability Trends
Iiprayimari eziphambili ze-aerospace zifuduka zisuka kubahambi ezisekelwe ephepheni ukuya kwi-MES (INkqubo yokuSebenza yokuSebenza) iiplatifti ezithatha idatha yenkqubo yexesha langempela kwaye zidibanise neenombolo zecandelo ngalinye ngeekhowudi ze-QR okanye iithegi ze-RFID. Oku kuphelisa iimpazamo zoshicilelo kwaye kwenza ukuba iimpendulo zophicotho ziphantse zibe ngoko nangoko.
DFM ye-Aerospace isitampu: Iingqwalaselo eziKhethekileyo
Uyilo-lwemveliso (DFM) kwi-aerospace sisenzo sokulungelelanisa phakathi kokusebenza kolwakhiwo, ubunzima, kunye nokuveliswa. Ezi ngqwalasela zilandelayo zahlukile okanye zandisiwe kwisitampu se-aerospace. I-
1. Minimum Bend Radii Kufuneka ahloniphe imida Material
Yonke ialloyi inobuncinane beradiyasi egobileyo exhomekeke kubushushu, icala lenkozo, kunye nobukhulu beshiti. Kwi-aerospace ye-aluminium ye-2024-T3, i-radius ye-bend encinci ngokuqhelekileyo yi-2t (ubukhulu obuphindwe kabini ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo) ngokuhambelana neenkozo kunye ne-3t perpendicular. Ukwaphula lo mthetho kwazisa ukuqhekeka komphezulu okuba yindawo yokuqalisa ukukhathala - inkxalabo ebalulekileyo kwiindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokubhabha.
2. I-Hole Diameter-to-Thickness Ratios
Imigangatho yokuyila i-Aerospace (umzekelo, i-MMPDS, i-MIL-HDBK-5) ichaza imida ephantsi ye-edge kunye nesithuba somngxuma ukuthintela ukusilela kunye noxinzelelo loxinzelelo. Njengomthetho wesithupha, imingxuma kufuneka ingasondeli ngaphezu kwe-2.5 × i-diameter yomngxuma ukusuka kuwo nawuphi na ungqameko, kwaye isithuba esiphakathi ukuya kumbindi kufuneka sibe ubuncinane be-3 × ububanzi bomngxuma.
3. Surface Finish Ichaphazela Ukudinwa Ubomi
Izahlulo zeAerospace zihlala zidutyulwa emva kokwenziwa ukuze kunyanzeliswe intsalela yoxinzelelo kumphezulu, ephucula ngokumangalisayo ubomi bokudinwa. I-DFM kufuneka iphendule ngokungena kokuchama - iindawo ezinzulu, imingxunya engaboniyo, kunye neeflange eziqinileyo zinokufihla umjelo wokuchama kwaye zenze iindawo ezibuthathaka. I-
4. IMiba yoMkhombandlela weeNkozo
Ngokungafaniyo nesitampu ngokubanzi kwimizi-mveliso, i-aerospace i-DFM kufuneka ichaze isikhokelo sokutya okuziinkozo ngokunxulumene noxinzelelo oluphambili. Ukugoba okuziinkozo kuyakhethwa kuba kunika i-ductility ephezulu. Amalungu agotshwe ngaxeshanye anxusene neenkozo athanda ukuqhekeka ngakumbi, ngakumbi kwi-aluminiyam eqinile yobudala kunye neentsimbi ze-PH ezingenasici. I-
5. I-Nesting kunye noSetyenziso lweMathiriyeli
Ishiti le-Aerospace liyabiza - i-titanium ingadlula i-$ 80 / kg, kwaye i-Inconel 718 iqhuba i-$ 50-70 / kg. Ukuphucula ukwakheka okungenanto ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphathekayo (kujoliswe kwi-65-75 %) kunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zenxalenye nganye ngaphandle kokuphazamisa iimfuno zesakhiwo. Funda ngakumbi malunga nezicwangciso zezixhobo ephucula isivuno sezinto eziphathekayo kwii-alloys zexabiso eliphezulu.
6. Uhlalutyo lwe-iseti yonyamezelo-Up
Kwiindibano ezinamacandelo amaninzi anesitampu, ukunyamezelwa kwe-stack-ups kunokuqokelela kumanqanaba angamkelekanga. Ii-OEM ze-Aerospace zifuna uhlalutyo lwe-statistical stack-up (RSS okanye i-Monte Carlo) ngexesha lokuphononongwa koyilo ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso edibeneyo ihlangabezana neemfuno ze-interface.
Ulawulo loMgangatho kwi-Aerospace isitampu
Ulawulo lomgangatho kwisitampu se-aerospace siya kude ngaphaya kokuhlolwa kokugqibela. Yinkqubo elelelweyo yothintelo, ubhaqo kunye nolungiso esebenza kwinqanaba ngalinye lemveliso.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezingenayo - Qinisekisa iziqinisekiso zemill ngokuchasene ne-AMS specs; iipropathi zesampula zoomatshini kwiqashiso ngalinye.
- Uhlolo lwenqaku lokuqala (FAI) - Ngokwe-AS9102, ingxelo epheleleyo ye-dimensional kwinxalenye yokuqala yemveliso, kubandakanywa imizobo ebhaluni, idatha ye-CMM, kunye neerekhodi eziphathekayo / zenkqubo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwenkqubo - Ukubeka iliso kwe-SPC kwimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo; Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kweentanda, imikrwelo, kunye ne-burrs ngamaxesha achaziweyo.
- Uhlolo lokugqibela — 100 % isheke sobukhulu kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo zokubhabha; Isampula esekwe kwi-AQL kwizinto ezingabalulekanga.
- Uvavanyo olungonakalisi (NDT) - Ukuhlolwa kwe-Dye-penetrant (DPI) ngenxa yeziphene zomhlaba; uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic lwe-anomalies engaphantsi komhlaba kwiindawo ezenziweyo.
Ukujonga nzulu kwiindlela zokuhlola kunye neendlela zobalo, bona isikhokelo sethu Isitampu solawulo lomgangatho wesinyithi.
I-Aerospace vs.
Iinjineli ezitshintshayo phakathi kwamashishini zihlala ziwujongela phantsi umahluko. Nalu uthelekiso olukhawulezayo.
| I-I-I-I-I-I-Factor | Isitampu seAerospace | Isitampu seemoto |
|---|---|---|
| Umqulu | 100-10,000 iinxalenye/ngonyaka | 100,000–10,000,000 iinxalenye/ngonyaka |
| Ixabiso lezinto eziphathekayo | $15–100+/kg | $1-3/kg (intsimbi ethambileyo) |
| Tolerances | ±0.025–0.050 mm | ±0.08–0.13 mm |
| Isiqinisekiso | AS9100 + Nadcap | IATF 16949 |
| Ukulandeleka | Inxalenye epheleleyo-kwinxalenye | Lot-level |
| Lead ixesha | 12-20 iiveki | 6-12 iiveki |
| Ukuhlola | I-100% kwizinto ezibalulekileyo + NDT | SPC + AQL isampuli |
Ukuqalisa ngeeProjekthi zokuStampu zeAerospace
Ukuba uvavanya ababoneleli ngenkqubo yesitampu se-aerospace, qala ngala manyathelo:
- Chaza imathiriyeli kunye neenkcukacha - Inombolo ye-AMS, umsindo, ubukhulu, kunye neemfuno zenkozo.
- Seka izinto ezigxeka unyamezelo — Chonga ukuba yeyiphi imilinganiselo ebaluleke kakhulu kwinqwelomoya vs. izithambiso kwaye unxibelelane ngokucace nangokuba nokufowuna kunye ne-GD.
- Qinisekisa umda wesatifikethi - AS9100D sisiseko; yongeza i-Nadcap yazo naziphi na iinkqubo ezizodwa.
- Cela uphononongo lweDFM - Isitampu esifanelekileyo se-aerospace siya kuchonga iindleko kunye namathuba okunciphisa umngcipheko ngaphambi kokuba isixhobo sinqunywe. Qonda iziseko zetsimbi ukuba umtsha kwinkqubo.
- Isicwangciso sokulandeleka — Cacisa umqulu wamaxwebhu owafunayo (AS9102 FAI, izatifikethi zemathiriyeli, iirekhodi zenkqubo) kwangaphambili ukuphepha ukulibaziseka.
Ukulungele ukuxoxa ngeemfuno zakho zesitampu se-aerospace? Qhagamshelana neMetal Stamping Parts Ltd kuphononongo lweDFM kunye nokucaphula.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo
Zeziphi iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo kwi-Aerospace isitampu sentsimbi?
Ubuncinci, ababoneleli bestampu kwi-aerospace kufuneka babambe isiqinisekiso se-AS9100 Rev D. Ukuba inxalenye ifumana unyango lobushushu, ukusetyenzwa kweekhemikhali, okanye i-NDT, ukuvunywa kwe-Nadcap kwinkqubo nganye ethile nayo iyafuneka. Amalungu acetywayo njengokutshintshwa kwinqwelomoya eqinisekisiweyo anokufuna ulwamkelo lwe-FAA PMA okanye i-EASA iSigaba sama-21.
Luqine kangakanani unyamezelo kwistampu ye-aerospace xa kuthelekiswa nomsebenzi worhwebo?
Ukunyamezela isitampu kwi-aerospace kuqina ngama-50–70 % kunestampu jikelele semizi-mveliso. Ukunyamezela kwe-aerospace eqhelekileyo ukusuka ku-± 0.025 mm ukuya ku-± 0.050 mm kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo, xa kuthelekiswa ne-± 0.08 mm ukuya ku-± 0.13 mm kumsebenzi wezorhwebo. Iimfuno zoburhabaxa bomphezulu nazo zingqongqo, ngokwesiqhelo yi-0.8–1.6 µm Ra xa ngokuchasene ne-3.2 µm kumacandelo oshishino.
Yeyiphi eyona ingxubevange ye-aerospace enzima ukuyigximfiza?
Inconel 718 kunye nezinye ii-nickel superalloys zezona zinzima kakhulu. Basebenza ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, bafuna i-30-40% ngaphezulu kweetoni zokushicilela kuneentsimbi ezilinganayo. Ukunxitywa kwezixhobo kubukhali, kwaye ukutyekela kwesixhobo sokubuyela emva kufuna imbuyekezo yokufa ngononophelo. Iialloyi ze-Titanium zisesibini esisondeleyo, ezihlala zifuna ukufudunyezwa kwe-300-500 °C.
Ngawaphi amaxwebhu okulandeleka afunekayo kwiindawo ezinesitampu se-aerospace?
Iqashiso ngalinye kufuneka lilandelelwe kwinani lalo lobushushu bempahla ekrwada kusetyenziswa iziqinisekiso zelitye lokusila ezihambelana nemigangatho ye-AMS okanye ye-ASTM. Iirekhodi zenkqubo kufuneka zibhale iiparamitha zokwenza, imijikelo yonyango lobushushu, kunye nonyango lwangaphezulu. Iingxelo zokuhlola, kuquka i-AS9102 idatha yokuhlola inqaku lokuqala kunye neziphumo ze-NDT, ziyafuneka kumacandelo abalulekileyo endiza.
Ingaba ulwalathiso lwenkozo luzichaphazela njani iindawo ezinesitampu se-aerospace?
Izalathiso eziziinkozo ziphembelela zombini ukubumba kunye nokusebenza kolwakhiwo. Ukugoba ngokuthe ngqo kwiinkozo kunika i-ductility ephezulu kwaye kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka. Imizobo ye-aerospace ichaza iimfuno zendlela yeenkozo, kwaye iindawo ezigotywe ngokunxuseneyo neenkozo ezikwi-alloys ezomeleleyo ngokweminyaka zisesichengeni sokuqhekeka koxinzelelo lokutya kunye nokusilela kokudinwa kwangaphambi kwexesha.