Metal ngwa ọrụ ịkụ akara: Ụdị, Nhazi, na Nduzi Nduzi
Mgbe ịkụ akara nwụrụ n'etiti mmepụta, awa ọ bụla nke downtime na-akwụ ụgwọ n'etiti $500 na $5,000 dabere na pịa tonnage na akụkụ mgbagwoju anya. Ihe dị iche n'etiti mmemme ngwá ọrụ nke na-agba ọsọ 2 nde hits na nke na-ekpochapụ na 200,000 na-agbadakarị na mkpebi atọ e mere tupu e bepụ mgbawa mbụ: ụdị anwụ, nhọrọ nchara, na ịdọ aka ná ntị mmezi.
Ntuziaka a na-ekpuchi mkpebi ndị ahụ na mkpa ndị injinia akọwapụtara. Ọ dịghị fluff - naanị ọnụọgụgụ, ihe na usoro na-eme ka stampụ igwe na-agba ọsọ.
Gịnị bụ Metal ngwa ọrụ ịkụ akara?
Metal ngwa ọrụ ịkụ akara die, set nke nkwado ndabere na mpaghara efere - mpempe akwụkwọ a na-akpụ akpụ ma ọ bụ na-agbanye ígwè n'ime akụkụ ndị emechara site na ọrịa strok. Ịdị mma ngwá ọrụ na-achịkwa nnabata nke akụkụ, imecha elu, ọnụ ahịa mkpofu, na ọnụ ahịa otu-ibe n'ofe mmepụta.
anwụ Ụdị Ntule: Na-aga n'ihu, Nyefee, Ngwakọta, na Otu-Station
Ịhọrọ ezigbo ụlọ anwụ anwụ bụ mkpebi mbụ na nke kacha pụta ìhè. Ụdị ọ bụla na-agbanwe ọsọ ọsọ, mgbanwe, mgbagwoju akụkụ, na ọnụ ahịa ngwá ọrụ.
| anwụ Ụdị | Otu esi arụ ọrụ | Ọnụọgụ Stroke a na-ahụkarị | Nkebi mgbagwoju | ọnụ ahịa akụrụngwa. | Kasị mma maka |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na-aga n'ihu anwụ | Mwepu ọganihu site na ọtụtụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri n'otu setịpụ anwụ; ọdụ ụgbọ ala ọ bụla na-arụ otu ọrụ | 200–1,500 SPM | Ọkara ruo elu | $25K–$300K+ | Akụkụ dị elu nke obere obere akụkụ (njikọ, brackets, clips) |
| Nyefee anwụ | A na-ebugharị akụkụ n'etiti ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke onye ọ bụla site na ịnyefe mkpịsị aka | 30–200 SPM | Elu | $50K–$500K+ | Akụkụ buru ibu na-achọ eserese miri emi ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ ops na-akpụ (obere ahụ ụgbọ ala, ụlọ akụrụngwa) |
| anwụ jikọtara | , otu ugboro na-egbutu ọrịa strok, otu ugboro n'otu oge. | 50–300 SPM | Obere ruo ọkara | $15K–$80K | Akụkụ ndị dị larịị nwere njiri oghere na njirimara (gasket, shims, lamination eletriki) |
| Otu ọdụ (dị mfe) anwụ | Otu ọrụ kwa ọrịa strok - oghere naanị, maapu naanị, ma ọ bụ ụdị naanị | 30–100 SPM | dị ala | $2K–$30K | Prototyping, obere ọsọ, ma ọ bụ arụmọrụ na-eri nri n'ime usoro nke abụọ |
| Nchikota anwụ | Ngwakọta ngwakọta na ụkpụrụ na-aga n'ihu; mbepụ na ụdị n'ime ọdụ ụgbọ ala | 100–500 SPM | Ọkara | $20K–$120K | Akụkụ chọrọ ma nhazi na nkenke nkenke na-enweghị mgbagwoju anya na-aga n'ihu zuru oke |
Otu esi ahọrọ
- Mpịakọta n'elu 500K akụkụ / afọ: Na-aga n'ihu na-anwụ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mmeri na ọnụ ahịa otu-ibe, n'agbanyeghị itinye ego dị elu.
- Akụkụ nke karịrị 300mm ma ọ bụ ihe omimi miri emi n'elu 2:1: Nfefe anwụ na-ejikwa tonnaji na ihe na-eruba mma.
- Flat akụkụ na n'okpuru positional ± ± 5 mm.: Compound nwụrụ na-ejide mmekọrịta oghere-to-pier nke na-aga n'ihu na-anwụ anwụ na-agbasi mbọ ike.
- Prototype ma ọ bụ sub-10K olu kwa afọ: Mfe nwụrụ na ọkọlọtọ anwụ tent na-tooling na-eji ezi uche.
Nhọrọ igwe maka stampụ anwụ
Ihe mgbochi ntụmadị na ịnwụ anwụ na-ekpebi iyi nguzogide, mmetụta siri ike, na tonnage enwere ike iru tupu ọdịda. Nhọrọ nchara na-ezighi ezi bụ nke abụọ na-ebutekarị ọdịda ịnwụ anwụ (n'azụ ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ adịghị mma).
| Ọkwa ígwè | Ụdị | Isi ike (HRC) | Yiri Nguzogide | Ike | Ngwa a na-ahụkarị | Ọnụ ego |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D2 | Ngwá ọrụ oyi na-arụ ọrụ ígwè | 58–62 | Elu | Ala-Ọkara | Blanking na ịkpọpu ígwè dị nro, aluminum, na igwe anaghị agba nchara ruo 3mm | $ |
| A2 | Ngwá ọrụ oyi na-arụ ọrụ ígwè | 57–61 | Ọkara | Ọkara–Elu | Ntụmadị izugbe na ngalaba anwụ; ezigbo itule nke akụrụngwa | $ |
| M2 (HSS) | Igwe anaghị agba nchara | 60–65 | Dị Elu | dị ala | Ịkpọpu ogologo oge n'ime ihe abrasive; igwe anaghị agba nchara na elu-ike alloys | $$ |
| CPM 10V | Ngwá ọrụ metallurgy ntụ ntụ | 60–64 | Oke oke | Ala-Ọkara | Oke eyi ngwa; silicon steel laminations, abrasive composites | $$$ |
| S7 | Mgbochi na-eguzogide ígwè | 54–58 | dị ala | Dị Elu | Mmetụta-dị arọ arụmọrụ: oyi na-akpụ, isi, mkpọpu dị arọ na nnukwu ngwaahịa | $ |
| DC53 | Ngwá ọrụ oyi na-arụ ọrụ igwe (mmelitere D2) | 60–62 | Elu | Ọkara–Elu | Ndochi maka D2 ebe chipping bụ nsogbu; mma grindability | $$ |
| Carbide (WC-Co) | Carbide cimented | 80–92 HRA | Oke oke | Dị ala (na-emebi emebi) | Carbide (WC-Co) 10M kụrụ | $$$$ |
| Tungsten carbide (ọkwa C2) | Carbide cimented | 88-92 HRA | Oke | Dị obere | Ịkpọpu olu dị elu na ikpochapụ ebe oge ịnwụ regrind ga-agafe 1M hits | $$$$ |
Usoro nhọrọ nke isi mkpịsị aka
- igwe dị nro ma ọ bụ aluminom n'okpuru 2mm: D2 ma ọ bụ A2 na 60 HRC na-ekpuchi ọtụtụ ngwa.
- igwe anaghị agba nchara (304, 316): Nzọpụ ruo M2 ma ọ bụ DC53. Igwe anaghị agba nchara Austenitic-na-agbasi ike ike ma na-ata site na D2.
- High-ike obere alloy (HSLA) ígwè n'elu 590 MPa: CPM 10V ma ọ bụ ihe ntinye carbide na akwa akwa dị egwu.
- Ọla kọpa ma ọ bụ ọla: A2 ezuola. Nchara na-akọwapụta oke ebe a na-emebi mmefu ego.
- mm: S7 maka ntụmadị na-ahụ oke mmetụta dị elu, D2 maka ihe mgbochi anwụ na-ahụ isi iyi abrasive.
Pro ndụmọdụ: Jiri ihe ntinye carbide naanị n'elu ebe a na-eyi ihe dị oke egwu (mkpụcha akụkụ, see radii) kama ime ka mmadụ niile nwụọ site na carbide. Nke a na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa ngwá ọrụ site na 40-60% ka ị na-echekwa uru ejiji ebe ọ dị mkpa.
Ngụkọta Ngụkọta Ndụ
Ịma amụma ndụ anwụ na-egbochi ma nnọchi akaghi aka (imefusị ego mmefu ego) na ọdịda a na-atụghị anya ya (imebi oge mmepụta). Usoro ọkọlọtọ ụlọ ọrụ na-eji nchikota nke abrasive ihe, anwụ nchara siri ike, na mkpochapụ ọrụ.
Basic Die Life Formula
Expected die life (hits) = Base life × Ihe onwunwe factor × Clearance factor × Lubrication factor
Ndụ ntọala dabere na anwụ ígwè na ike:
| Die Steel | Ndụ Base (hits) na nhichapụ kwesịrị ekwesị, nchara dị nro |
|---|---|
| D2 na 60 HRC | 500,000 |
| M2 na 63 HRC | 1,200,000 |
| CPM 10V na 62 HRC | 2,000,000 |
| Carbide (C2) | 5,000,000 |
Ihe akụrụngwa (ba ụba megide ndụ isi):
| Ihe eji arụ ọrụ | Isi ihe |
|---|---|
| igwe anaghị agba nchara (SPCC, CR4) | 1.0 |
| Aluminom (1100, 3003) | 1.5 |
| Aluminium (5052, 6061) | 1.2 |
| igwe anaghị agba nchara 304 | 0.4 |
| igwe anaghị agba nchara 316 | 0.3 |
| HSLA (590 MPa) | 0.5 |
| Silicon ígwè | 0.2 |
| Ọla kọpa/ọla | 1.3 |
ihe mkpochapụ:
| mkpochapụ (% nke ọkpụrụkpụ ngwaahịa kwa akụkụ) | Isi ihe |
|---|---|
| 3-5% (siri ike, nkenke) | 0.6 |
| 5–8% (ọkọlọtọ) | 1.0 |
| 8–12% (mmesapụ aka) | 1.2 |
| > 12% (sloppy - dozie nke a) | 0.8 (burr mebiri) |
Ihe mmanu mmanu:
| mmanu mmanu | Isi ihe |
|---|---|
| Tinyere nke ọma dọpụta ogige ma ọ bụ mmanụ ịkụ akara | 1.0 |
| Dry ịkụ akara (enweghị mmanu mmanu) | 0.3 |
| Iju mmiri jụrụ oyi (ọ bụghị mmanu mmanu) | 0.5 |
| mmanu na-ezighi ezi maka ihe | 0.6 |
Ngụkọta ihe atụ
Blanking 1.5mm igwe anaghị agba nchara 304 na D2 na-anwụ na 60 HRC, 6% mmanu mmanu: na mmanu mmanu 6%
500,000 × 0.4 × 1.0 × 1.0 = 200,000 hits
Otu ntọlite ma na ntinye carbide:
5,000,000 × 0.4 × 1.0 × 1.0 = 2,000,000 hits
Ihe di iche 10 × na-egosi onu ahia carbide maka oru igwe anaghị agba nchara.
ịkụ akara ígwè Toolings Design: Key ịkụ akara Toolings
Ezi ọnwụ imewe na-egbochi 80% nke ọdịda ọdịda. Ụkpụrụ bụ isi:
1. Mwepu mkpochapụ
Jikwaa 5-8% nke ọkpụrụkpụ ngwaahịa n'otu akụkụ maka idebe na ịkpọpu n'ime igwe dị nro. Mwepu siri ike (3–5%) na-eme ka ihu ihu dị mma mana ọ na-ebelata ndụ anwụ ma na-abawanye tonna. Mwepu sara mbara (8-12%) na-agbatị ndụ anwụ anwụ mana ọ na-emepụta ihe buru ibu.
2. Die Tinye Geometry
- Shear angle on punches: 1–3° n'akụkụ ọ bụla na-ebelata ike ndọpụ na tonnage spikes site 30–50%.
- anwụ ngọngọ ala elu: 3-5mm maka ihe n'okpuru 2mm oké; 5-8mm maka 2-6mm ngwaahịa. N'okpuru ụkpụrụ ndị a, anwụ cracking accelerates.
- Dọrọ die radius: Opekempe 4 × ọkpụrụkpụ ngwaahịa maka radius punch imi. N'okpuru nke a, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na a na-agbaji ihe onwunwe na arụ ọrụ omimi.
3. Strip Layout (Progressive Dies)
- Obere akwa obosara n'etiti akụkụ: 1.2 × ọkpụrụkpụ ngwaahịa.
- Obosara ihe na-ebu ibu: opekempe 10mm maka ntụkwasị obi igwe.
- dayameta oghere pilot: opekempe 3mm, etinyere n'ime 0.5 pitch nke ọdụ ụgbọ elu dị egwu.
4. Nduzi na Nhazi
- Jiri ogidi ndu na-ebu bọọlụ (ọ bụghị oke ohia) maka anwụ na mkpochapụ n'okpuru 5% kwa akụkụ.
- Dayameta ntụzịaka kwesịrị ịdịkarịa ala 10% nke ogologo anwụ iji guzogide mpụta mpụta n'okpuru ibu dị n'etiti.
Ndepụta Nlekọta Nlekọta Ngwá Ọrụ
Usoro mmezi ahaziri na-agbatị ndụ anwụ site na 30–50% wee nweta nsogbu tupu ha aghọọ ọdachi. Mee ndepụta nlele a na nhazi oge a kapịrị ọnụ.
Ọ bụla Shift (8 Hours)
- [ ] Nlele anya nke ụzọ ọpụpụ maka burrs, slivers, ma ọ bụ ihe na-ewuli elu na ihu anwụ
- [ ] Lelee sistemu mmanu mmanu - chọpụta na anaghị egbochi mmiri ọkụ, mmanụ mmanụ zuru oke
- [ ] Gee ntị maka ụda na-adịghị mma (ịpị, scraping, egweri) n'oge strok a na-ebipụta
- [ ] Nyochaa akụkụ akụkụ na nke mbụ na nke ikpeazụ nke nnofega na go/no-go gauges
- [] Kpochapụ ihe ndị na-anwụ anwụ n'elu ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ na njedebe nke mgbanwe
Hi50,000 ọ bụla.
- [ ] Remove die from press and inspect cutting edges with 10× loupe for wear land, chipping, or galling
- na ọ bụrụ na ọ bụrụ na ọ bụrụ na-anọchi anya ntụtụ ntụzịaka, 0.02mm
- [] Nyochaa isi iyi (isi iyi gas) ma ọ bụ isi iyi nke ikuku gas, na-edozi isi iyi.
- [ ] Na-anwụ anwụ nke ọma - wepụ ihe niile irighiri ihe, ihe fọdụrụ mmanụ, na ihe ọla
- [ ] Tulee akụkụ anwụ dị egwu (ntụpu-na-anwụ anwụ, radius see) na micrometer
Kwa 200,000 Hits
- [] Full die teardown — kewapụrụ elu na obere akpụkpọ ụkwụ anwụ anwụ
- [] Ghichaa ma ọ bụ megharịa akụkụ mbepụ ma ọ bụrụ na uwe ala gafere 0.3mm
- [] Nyochaa ntụtụ dowel niile, skru okpu, na efere ndị na-ejigide maka ike ọgwụgwụ ma ọ bụ ịtọpụ
- [ ] Nyochaa anwụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ flatness — re-egweri ma ọ bụrụ na warpage gafere 0.05mm n'elu zuru ogologo
- [] Dochie ihe niile yi ibe, ndu bushings, na nitrogen iyi dị ka ihe mgbochi
- [] Detuo akụkụ niile wee jiri usoro nlele ikpeazụ tụnyere usoro nha ikpeazụ.
A,010ts
- [ ] zuru ezu anwụ reconditioning — re-egweri if (Tilic)
- [] Okpomọkụ-ọgwụgwọ nkwenye - ntụpọ-lelee ike n'ebe ndị na-adịghị mkpa.
- [ ] Nyochaa mmepụta data: ihe nzacha na-emekarị, mkpagharị akụkụ, mmụba tonnage
- [ ] Melite ndekọ ndozi anwụ na atụmatụ maka nnọchi nnọchi
Ọdịda na Ngwọta Ngwá Ọrụ ịkụ akara nkịtị
| ọdịda | Mkpọrọgwụ Mkpọrọgwụ | Mgbaàmà | Ngwọta |
|---|---|---|---|
| Punch chipping | Ike ezughi oke na igwe anwụ anwụ; mkpochapụ nke ukwuu; ihe na-ezighị ezi | ibe a na-ahụ anya na mbepụ; burrs na akụkụ; metallic particles in die | Gbanwee na nchara siri ike (DC53 kama D2); mụbaa mkpochapụ ruo 6-8%; lelee nhazi nhazi |
| Die cracking | Nchegbu nrụgide na nkuku dị nkọ; ezughị oke anwụ ngọngọ ọkpụrụkpụ; ịlele okpomọkụ site na ịgba ígwè okpomọkụ | Akpụkpọ ntutu isi na-egbukepụ n'akụkụ; mgbanwe mgbanwe mgbanwe mberede na akụkụ | Tinye radii (min R2) na akụkụ niile dị n'ime; mụbaa anwụ ngọngọ ọkpụrụkpụ; jiri tupu ikpo ọkụ ruo 150 ° C maka stampụ akụkụ dị egwu |
| Galling (ihe ntụtụ) | mmanu na-ezughị oke; anwụ elu oke ike; workpiece ihe adhering anwụ | Streaks ma ọ bụ welitere ebe n'elu anwụ anwụ; scratches na akụkụ; tonnage na-abawanye | Tinye TiN ma ọ bụ TiCN PVD mkpuchi; melite elu elu ka Ra 0.2μm ma ọ bụ ka mma; gbanwee gaa na mmanụ ịkụ akara nke chlorine maka igwe anaghị agba nchara |
| Premature wear | Na-ezighị ezi anwụ ígwè maka ihe; ezughị oke isi ike; abrasive workpiece | Yiri ala gafere 0.5mm tupu ndụ a tụrụ anya ya; akụkụ nke ndidi; Edge rollover | kwalite na ntinye carbide ma ọ bụ CPM 10V; nyochaa ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ (nnwale ike siri ike n'ọtụtụ ebe) |
| Mmiri ọdịda | Ike ọgwụgwụ site na ịgba ígwè; nhọrọ ike mmiri na-ezighi ezi; ikpo ọkụ | ike iwepụ ihe na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ; akụkụ na-arapara na ntụmadị; warara wrinkling | Dochie isi iyi n'oge etiti oge (isi iyi gas: ọ bụla 500K hits; mmiri iyi: ọ bụla 200K hits); oversize mmiri ike site 20% |
| Misalignment / off-center loading | Ntụnye ntuziaka na-eyi; pịa akwa slide; | Eke na-enweghị isi; otu akụkụ nke ịnwụ na-egosi ihe ndị ọzọ na-eyi; akụkụ nwere asymmetric burrs | Dochie ntụnye ntụ na bushings; lelee myirịta slide pịa pịa; re-install die set with dial index verification |
| Slug na-adọta | Enweghi ike ịnwụ anwụ; mmetụta agụụ na ntụmadị; enweghị njiri njide slug | Slugs na-abanyeghachi oghere anwụ; anwụ mmebi site na slugs tọrọ atọ; Akụkụ kpụchara | Tinye oghere enyemaka oghere na ntụmadị; jiri slug njide ndọta; tinye micro-bead mkpuchi n'elu anwụ anwụ |
Ngwá Ọrụ Ọnụ ego Breakdown for Budget Planning
Ịghọta ebe ego ngwá ọrụ na-aga na-enyere otu ndị na-azụ ahịa aka ịkparịta ụka nke ọma na ndị injinia na-eme ahịa ahịa nke ọma.
| Ngwa ọnụ ahịa | % nke Total Tooling Cost | Ihe edeturu |
|---|---|---|
| Die steel (raw material) | 15–25% | Elu maka carbide ma ọ bụ ntụ ntụ metallurgy akara ule |
| CNC machining na EDM | 35–50% | Ọkwọ ụgbọala kacha ibu; mgbagwoju anya na-abawanye nke a nke ukwuu |
| ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ | 5–10% | Vacuum okpomọkụ na-arụpụta ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe mana |
| Egwecha na imecha | 8–12% | Elu imecha chọrọ n'okpuru Ra 0.4μm tinye ọnụ ahịa |
| Assembly and tryout | 10–15% | Gụnyere anwụ dabara adaba, ngbanwe na mmepụta edemede mbụ |
| Mkpuchi (TiN, TiCN, wdg) | 3–8% | Nhọrọ ma gbatịa ndụ 2-4 × maka ọtụtụ ngwa |
Azịza ngwa ngwa na ngwa ọrụ ịkụ akara wee nwụọ
Jiri azịza ndị a tụnyere ụdị anwụ, ndụ ngwá ọrụ, nnabata nlele, mkpa mmezi, na echiche ngwaọrụ tupu nrụpụta ihe.
Kedu ụdị ịkụ akara anwụ ka akụkụ m chọrọ?
ihe na-adabere n'ụzọ ziri ezi, geometry na-adabere n'ụzọ ziri ezi na akụkụ. olu, na ma oru ngo ọ chọrọ prototype ma ọ bụ mmepụta ngwá ọrụ.
Gịnị kpatara ngwa ọrụ ịkụ akara na-eri dịgasị iche iche?
Ngwá ọrụ ego na-agbanwe na mgbagwoju anya anwụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ ọdụ, ike ihe onwunwe, ndụ a na-atụ anya ya, ihe mmetụta, ntinye mapụtara, loops tryout, na nyocha chọrọ.
Kedu ihe a ga-etinye na RFQ ngwá ọrụ?
Gụnye eserese, faịlụ 3D, ihe na ọkpụrụkpụ, olu kwa afọ, njirimara dị oke egwu, njirisi nnabata nlele, nwe ngwá ọrụ, na oge mmalite mmepụta.
Ajuju Ajuju
Ogologo oge ole ka stampụ na-anwụ na-adịru?
Ndụ anwụ sitere na 100,000 ruo ihe karịrị nde 10 dabere na nchara anwụ anwụ, ihe na-arụ ọrụ na mmezi. A D2 anwụ blanking nwayọọ ígwè a na-adịru 500,000 hits; Otu na-anwụ na igwe anaghị agba nchara 304 dara na gburugburu 200,000 hits. Ngwá ọrụ Carbide nwere ike gafere 5 nde hits ọbụna na ihe abrasive. Ndozi mgbe niile na-agbatị ọnụọgụ ndị a site na 30-50%.
Gịnị bụ ihe dị iche n'etiti na-aga n'ihu anwụ na nyefee anwụ tooling?
Ọnwụ na-aga n'ihu na-ebu akụkụ ahụ na warara na-aga n'ihu site n'ọtụtụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri n'otu oge anwụ, na-enweta ọnụego ọrịa strok dị elu (200-1,500 SPM). Nfefe nwụrụ na-ebugharị akụkụ nke ọ bụla n'etiti ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị iche iche site na iji mkpịsị aka arụ ọrụ, nke na-enye ohere ka akụkụ buru ibu na eserese dị omimi mana na-eji nwayọ nwayọ (30-200 SPM). Ọnwụ na-aga n'ihu na-adaba obere akụkụ dị elu; nyefe anwụ dabara akụkụ buru ibu ma ọ bụ mgbagwoju anya.
Kedu otu m ga-esi họrọ n'etiti D2 na carbide maka ngwa stampụ m?
Jiri D2 maka ịgba ọsọ n'okpuru 500,000 hits ma ọ bụ mgbe ịkụ akara dị nro nchara, aluminum, ma ọ bụ igwe anaghị agba nchara. Gbanwee na ntinye carbide mgbe ị na-apịa ihe abrasive (silicon steel, ngwaahịa mkpuchi), mgbe achọrọ ndụ nwụrụ karịa 1 nde hits, ma ọ bụ mgbe ịnwụ regrind ọdịda agaghị anabata. Carbide na-efu 3–5 × karịa n'ihu mana ọ na-ebunye ọnụ ala dị ala-kwa-ibe na nnukwu mpịakọta.
Kedu oge mmezi na-egbochi ọdịda anwụ na-atụghị anya ya?
Inspect na-anwụ ngbanwe ọ bụla maka nsogbu doro anya, na-eme nyocha ihu zuru oke kwa 50,000 hits, ma mee akwa akwa mmiri kwa 200,000 ọ bụla. Usoro ihe omume a na-ejide 90% nke ọdịda na-emepe emepe tupu ha ebute oge nkwụsị na-enweghị atụmatụ. Sochie nha nha ka oge na-aga ka ibu amụma mgbe achọrọ mgharịgharị ma ọ bụ nnọchi.
Enwere ike ịrụzi ngwaọrụ ịkụ akara mebiri emebi ma ọ bụ ka edochie ya?
Ọtụtụ ndị nwụrụ anwụ nwere ike gbanwee kama dochie ya. Ndozi weld (iji igwe ndochi dabara adaba na ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ tupu/post) na-edozi ibe na mgbawa na D2, A2, na S7 nwụrụ. Enwere ike ịweghachi akụkụ mgbụsị akwụkwọ na-eyi akwa iji weghachi geometry. Agbanyeghị, anwụ nwere mgbawa na-agbatị n'ime ahụ nwụrụ anwụ gafere omimi 5mm, ma ọ bụ nwụrụ nke agbadogharịrị ihe karịrị ugboro abụọ n'otu mpaghara, kwesịrị dochie ya.
Mmechi
Metal ngwa ọrụ ịkụ akara mkpebi - ụdị anwụ anwụ, ọkwa nchara, mkpochapụ, na ịdọ aka ná ntị mmezi - mejupụtara ọtụtụ nde ihe ọkụkụ. Inweta ihe ndị a n'ụzọ ziri ezi n'usoro nhazi na-efu ihe dị nta nke ihe ọdịda etiti mmepụta na-eri na mkpofu, oge nkwụsịtụ na ọrụ mberede.
Maka ndị injinia na-akọwapụta ngwá ọrụ ọhụrụ: Match die architecture to volume and part geometry, họrọ nchara dị ọnụ ala karịa nke na-emezu ebumnuche ndụ gị, wee mee ndetu mmezi na nhazi oge. Maka otu ndị na-azụ ahịa na-enyocha ndị na-ebubata ngwaahịa: jụọ maka usoro nhazi ha, nchara nchara, na ịnwụ anwụ ndụ - ndị na-ebubata ihe dị iche iche na-ebuga akụkụ na-agbanwe agbanwe site n'aka ndị na-ebuga ndị na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ.
Ị dịla njikere ikwurịta ọrụ ntinye akwụkwọ stampụ gị ọzọ? Kpọtụrụ ndị otu injinia anyị. maka nlebanya na nhota ngwá ọrụ.