{"id":719,"date":"2026-04-29T20:55:35","date_gmt":"2026-04-29T12:55:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/metalstampingparts.ltd\/appliance-metal-paghulma-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-06-09T17:06:15","modified_gmt":"2026-06-09T09:06:15","slug":"appliance-metal-paghulma-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/metalstampingparts.ltd\/ceb\/appliance-metal-paghulma-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Appliance paghulma sa metal: Mga Bahin, Processes &amp; Kalidad Mga Sumbanan"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Appliance paghulma sa metal: Mga Bahin, Processes &amp; Kalidad Mga Sumbanan<\/h1>\n<p><strong>Appliance paghulma sa metal<\/strong> is the high-volume production of formed, pierced, and cut metal components used in household appliances \u2014 from washing machine drums and refrigerator panels to oven liners and air conditioner fins. These giporma nga mga piyesa must meet strict safety certifications, surface finish requirements, and cost targets that define the competitive home appliance industry.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img src=\"https:\/\/metalstampingparts.ltd\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/appliance-metal-stamping-guide-featured-1.webp\" alt=\"Appliance metal stamping washing machine refrigerator panels\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>For appliance OEMs and contract manufacturers, selecting the right paghulma partner is a decision that affects product quality, regulatory compliance, and unit economics. This guide covers the full scope of <a href=\"\/appliance-metal-stamping\/\">home appliance paghulma<\/a> \u2014 part types, materials, processes, quality standards, and cost optimization.<\/p>\n<h2>Komon Stamped Mga Bahin in Mga Appliances sa Balay<\/h2>\n<p>Panimalay appliances contain dozens of stamped metal components, each with distinct material, process, and quality requirements. The table below maps the most common part categories.<\/p>\n<h3>Appliance Stamped Bahin Types<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Bahin Category<\/th>\n<th>Example Components<\/th>\n<th>Typical Materyal<\/th>\n<th>paghulma Proseso<\/th>\n<th>Precision Requirement<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Outer Shells \/ Housings<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Washing machine outer tub, dryer drum<\/td>\n<td>Galvanized steel, stainless steel<\/td>\n<td>Deep drawing + trimming<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10.3\u20130.5 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Inner Liners \/ Tubs<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Refrigerator inner liner, dishwasher tub<\/td>\n<td>Stainless steel 304\/430<\/td>\n<td>Deep drawing, hydroforming<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10.2\u20130.5 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Mounting Brackets<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Motor mounts, compressor brackets, PCB supports<\/td>\n<td>Cold-rolled steel, galvanized steel<\/td>\n<td>Blanking, bending, piercing<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10.1\u20130.2 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Decorative Panels<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Control panels, door skins, front fascias<\/td>\n<td>Stainless steel, pre-coated steel<\/td>\n<td>Blanking, forming, embossing<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10.1\u20130.3 mm (cosmetic)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Heat Exchanger Fins<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>AC evaporator\/condenser fins, refrigerator condenser fins<\/td>\n<td>Aluminum 1100\/8011, copper<\/td>\n<td>Progressive paghulma<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10.05 mm (fin spacing)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Structural Frames<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Chassis frames, support rails<\/td>\n<td>Cold-rolled steel, hot-dip galvanized<\/td>\n<td>Blanking, forming, welding<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10.2\u20130.5 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Latches and Hinges<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Door latches, oven hinges, lid hinges<\/td>\n<td>Spring steel, stainless steel<\/td>\n<td>Blanking, coining, heat treatment<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10.05\u20130.10 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Shielding and Deflectors<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Microwave waveguide covers, oven heat deflectors<\/td>\n<td>Aluminum, galvanized steel<\/td>\n<td>Blanking, forming<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10.2\u20130.5 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Key insight:<\/strong> Unlike awtomotibo paghulma, where structural integrity dominates, appliance paghulma splits into two distinct quality tracks \u2014 <strong>appearance-critical parts<\/strong> (panels, door skins) and <strong>functional parts<\/strong> (brackets, fins, liners). The surface finish expectations and inspection criteria are fundamentally different for each track. Metal Stamping Parts Ltd manufactures across both categories, serving major appliance brands with integrated paghulma and finishing capabilities.<\/p>\n<h2>Kalidad Mga Sumbanan and Certifications for Appliance paghulma<\/h2>\n<p>Appliance giporma nga mga piyesa must comply with a web of safety, environmental, and performance standards depending on the target market. Understanding these requirements early in the design phase prevents costly redesigns and certification delays.<\/p>\n<h3>Key Certification Mga Kinahanglanon<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Standard<\/th>\n<th>Scope<\/th>\n<th>Key Mga Kinahanglanon for Stamped Mga Bahin<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>UL (Underwriters Laboratories)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>North America \u2014 electrical safety<\/td>\n<td>Materyal flammability, sharp edge elimination, grounding path integrity for metal enclosures<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>CE Marking<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>European Union \u2014 product safety<\/td>\n<td>Compliance with Low Voltage Directive (LVD) and EMC Directive; giporma nga mga piyesa in electrical enclosures must meet creepage and clearance distances<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>EU, China, India, others<\/td>\n<td>Restricts lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, PBB, and PBDE in materials and surface coatings<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, Restriction of Chemicals)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>European Union<\/td>\n<td>Regulates chemical substances used in manufacturing \u2014 affects coatings, lubricants, and cleaning agents used in paghulma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>CCC (China Compulsory Certification)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>China<\/td>\n<td>Mandatory for appliances sold in China; covers safety of stamped enclosures and structural parts<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>CB Scheme<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>International (90+ countries)<\/td>\n<td>Mutual recognition of safety test reports; simplifies multi-market certification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>RoHS and REACH Compliance in paghulma<\/h3>\n<p>For stamped appliance parts, RoHS compliance affects three areas:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Base material<\/strong> \u2014 standard steel and aluminum alloys are inherently compliant, but recycled scrap may contain trace restricted substances if not properly sourced.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Surface coatings<\/strong> \u2014 hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) in traditional passivation treatments is banned under RoHS. Trivalent chromium (Cr3+) or chrome-free alternatives must be used.<\/li>\n<li><strong>paghulma lubricants<\/strong> \u2014 some drawing oils and forming compounds contain restricted substances. RoHS-compliant lubricants are required, and parts must be adequately cleaned after forming.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>REACH adds further restrictions on substances of very high concern (SVHCs). Appliance OEMs increasingly require full material declarations (FMDs) from paghulma suppliers to ensure compliance across the supply chain.<\/p>\n<h2>Surface Treatment Mga Kinahanglanon for Appliance Mga Bahin<\/h2>\n<p>Surface finish is often the defining quality criterion for appliance giporma nga mga piyesa \u2014 particularly components visible to the end consumer. The choice of surface treatment depends on the application environment (kitchen, laundry, outdoor), aesthetic requirements, and cost targets.<\/p>\n<h3>Surface Treatment Comparison<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Treatment<\/th>\n<th>Proseso<\/th>\n<th>Aesthetic Kalidad<\/th>\n<th>Corrosion Resistance<\/th>\n<th>Cost Index<\/th>\n<th>Komon Applications<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Powder Coating<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Electrostatic spray + oven cure<\/td>\n<td>Excellent \u2014 wide color range, smooth matte\/gloss<\/td>\n<td>Very good<\/td>\n<td>1.0\u00d7 (baseline)<\/td>\n<td>Washer\/dryer panels, refrigerator doors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Electroplating (Cr, Ni)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Electrolytic deposition<\/td>\n<td>Mirror or satin chrome\/nickel finish<\/td>\n<td>Excellent<\/td>\n<td>1.5\u20132.5\u00d7<\/td>\n<td>Faucet components, decorative trim<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Brushed \/ Satin Finish<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Mechanical abrasion (belt or wheel)<\/td>\n<td>Directional texture, premium look<\/td>\n<td>Moderate (requires clear coat)<\/td>\n<td>0.8\u20131.2\u00d7<\/td>\n<td>Stainless steel refrigerator panels, oven fronts<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Anodizing<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Electrochemical oxide growth<\/td>\n<td>Colored or clear, uniform<\/td>\n<td>Excellent (aluminum only)<\/td>\n<td>1.2\u20132.0\u00d7<\/td>\n<td>Small appliance housings, decorative aluminum parts<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Passivation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Chemical treatment (citric\/nitric acid)<\/td>\n<td>Natural metal appearance<\/td>\n<td>Good (stainless steel)<\/td>\n<td>0.3\u20130.5\u00d7<\/td>\n<td>Stainless steel inner liners, food-kontak surfaces<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Pre-coated Steel (PCM\/VCM)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Coil-coated before paghulma<\/td>\n<td>Consistent color\/pattern across large panels<\/td>\n<td>Very good<\/td>\n<td>1.0\u20131.3\u00d7<\/td>\n<td>Refrigerator doors, washing machine top covers<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Note on pre-coated steel (PCM\/VCM):<\/strong> Many appliance manufacturers have shifted from post-paghulma painting to pre-coated metal coils. This eliminates the painting line investment and ensures consistent color across large panels. However, paghulma pre-coated material requires careful die design to avoid coating damage at bend radii and draw walls. Metal Stamping Parts Ltd has extensive experience forming PCM\/VCM materials with zero visible coating defects.<\/p>\n<h3>Appearance Mga Bahin vs. Structural Mga Bahin: Kalidad Differences<\/h3>\n<p>The quality expectations for appliance giporma nga mga piyesa diverge sharply based on whether the part is visible to the consumer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Appearance Mga Bahin (panels, door skins, control surfaces):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Surface defects limited to 0 scratches &gt; 0.1 mm per part<\/li>\n<li>Color consistency \u0394E &lt; 1.0 across production lots<\/li>\n<li>No die marks, orange peel, or coating peeling<\/li>\n<li>100% visual inspection (automated camera systems preferred)<\/li>\n<li>Edge quality: no burrs, sharp edges, or exposed substrate at trimmed edges<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Structural Mga Bahin (brackets, frames, liners):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dimensional tolerance is the primary criterion (\u00b10.1\u20130.5 mm depending on function)<\/li>\n<li>Surface defects acceptable if not functionally relevant<\/li>\n<li>Spot-check visual inspection (AQL-based sampling)<\/li>\n<li>Burrs controlled to &lt; 0.1 mm for assembly and safety reasons<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This distinction drives fundamentally different manufacturing approaches. Appearance parts require mirror-finished dies, frequent die polishing, clean-room-level handling, and often automated optical inspection. Structural parts prioritize dimensional consistency and throughput over surface perfection.<\/p>\n<h2>paghulma Processes for Appliance Paggama<\/h2>\n<p>Several paghulma processes are commonly used in appliance manufacturing, each suited to different part geometries and volumes.<\/p>\n<h3>progresibong hulmahan paghulma<\/h3>\n<p>The workhorse of high-volume appliance production. A coil-fed progresibong hulmahan performs blanking, forming, piercing, and trimming in a single automated line at 60\u2013200+ strokes per minute. Ideal for brackets, clips, small panels, and heat exchanger fins where annual volumes exceed 100,000 pieces. hibal-i pa about <a href=\"\/blog\/metal-stamping-tooling-guide\/\">progresibong hulmahan paghulma and tooling<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>hulmahan sa pagbalhin paghulma<\/h3>\n<p>For larger parts \u2014 such as washing machine tubs and oven liners \u2014 that cannot remain attached to a carrier strip. Transfer dies use mechanical fingers or robots to move the blank between stations. Transfer paghulma handles deep draws and complex geometries that exceed the capability of progressive dies.<\/p>\n<h3>Deep Drawing<\/h3>\n<p>Deep drawing transforms a flat blank into a cup-shaped or box-shaped part by forcing the material into a die cavity with a punch. Appliance applications include washing machine inner tubs (draw depth 300\u2013500 mm), refrigerator inner liners, and sink bowls. Materyal selection (elongation, strain hardening exponent) and blank holder force control are critical to prevent wrinkling and tearing.<\/p>\n<h3>Tandem Press Lines<\/h3>\n<p>For very large appliance panels (refrigerator doors, washing machine cabinets), multiple individual presses are arranged in sequence. Each press performs one or two operations \u2014 draw, trim, pierce, flange \u2014 with automated transfer between stations. Tandem lines offer flexibility for part changes and are common in multi-model appliance factories.<\/p>\n<h2>Cost Pressures and Reduction Strategies in Appliance paghulma<\/h2>\n<p>The home appliance industry operates on thin margins \u2014 typically 3\u20138% net \u2014 and faces relentless cost pressure from retailers and consumers. giporma nga mga piyesa, which can represent 15\u201330% of an appliance&#8217;s bill of materials, are a primary target for cost reduction.<\/p>\n<h3>Materyal Cost Optimization<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Downgauge where possible<\/strong> \u2014 a 0.1 mm reduction in material thickness on a high-volume part can save $50,000\u2013$200,000 annually<\/li>\n<li><strong>Substitute materials<\/strong> \u2014 replace stainless steel with pre-coated galvanized steel in non-food-kontak applications<\/li>\n<li><strong>Optimize blank size<\/strong> \u2014 nesting software and multi-out dies can improve material utilization from 65% to 80%+<\/li>\n<li><strong>Negotiate coil contracts<\/strong> \u2014 long-term agreements with steel mills lock in pricing and reduce volatility<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Proseso Cost Optimization<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Combine operations<\/strong> \u2014 progressive dies that perform forming, piercing, and trimming in one pass eliminate secondary operations and reduce labor<\/li>\n<li><strong>Increase stroke rate<\/strong> \u2014 optimizing die design for higher press speeds (from 80 to 150 SPM) increases output without additional equipment<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reduce scrap<\/strong> \u2014 skeleton recycling and blank optimization recover 15\u201325% of material cost<\/li>\n<li><strong>Standardize tooling<\/strong> \u2014 shared die components across product families reduce tooling investment by 20\u201330%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Kalidad Cost Optimization<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Automated inspection<\/strong> \u2014 camera-based vision systems replace manual inspectors and catch defects with higher consistency<\/li>\n<li><strong>Statistical process control<\/strong> \u2014 monitoring key dimensions during production reduces scrap rates and eliminates over-inspection<\/li>\n<li><strong>Preventive die maintenance<\/strong> \u2014 scheduled tool sharpening and coating refresh prevent the cascade of defects that follows tool degradation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Metal Stamping Parts Ltd partners with appliance OEMs to implement these strategies holistically \u2014 not as isolated cost cuts but as a systematic approach to manufacturing efficiency. <a href=\"\/contact\">kontaka kami<\/a> to discuss your appliance paghulma requirements.<\/p>\n<h2>Choosing an Appliance paghulma tagasuplay<\/h2>\n<p>When evaluating a paghulma partner for home appliance components, prioritize these capabilities:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Multi-process capability<\/strong> \u2014 progressive, transfer, and deep-draw paghulma under one roof<\/li>\n<li><strong>Surface finish expertise<\/strong> \u2014 ability to handle pre-coated materials and deliver Class A surfaces<\/li>\n<li><strong>Certification portfolio<\/strong> \u2014 UL, CE, RoHS, and REACH compliance documentation<\/li>\n<li><strong>Volume flexibility<\/strong> \u2014 ability to scale from pilot runs to multi-million annual quantities<\/li>\n<li><strong>Engineering support<\/strong> \u2014 DFM analysis, simulation, and prototype capability<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kalidad infrastructure<\/strong> \u2014 CMM, optical inspection, SPC systems, and documented quality management<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For a deeper look at how <a href=\"\/blog\/metal-stamping-vs-cnc-machining\/\">paghulma sa metal compares to CNC machining<\/a> for appliance parts, or to understand our full <a href=\"\/appliance-metal-stamping\/\">Appliance paghulma sa metal services<\/a>, explore the linked resources.<\/p>\n<h2>kasagarang pangutana<\/h2>\n<h3>What is the most common material for appliance giporma nga mga piyesa?<\/h3>\n<p>Galvanized steel (hot-dip or electro-galvanized) is the most widely used material for appliance stampings. It offers good formability, adequate corrosion resistance, and low cost. For visible surfaces, pre-coated steel (PCM\/VCM) is increasingly popular because it eliminates post-paghulma painting. Stainless steel (304 or 430) is used for food-kontak surfaces and premium aesthetics.<\/p>\n<h3>How do UL and CE requirements differ for stamped appliance parts?<\/h3>\n<p>UL certification (North America) focuses primarily on electrical safety \u2014 ensuring that stamped metal enclosures maintain grounding continuity, have no sharp edges that could damage wiring, and use materials with adequate flammability ratings. CE marking (EU) covers a broader scope including electrical safety (LVD), electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and material compliance with RoHS. Both require documented testing, but UL typically involves more rigorous third-party testing of finished assemblies.<\/p>\n<h3>What surface finish quality level is required for visible appliance panels?<\/h3>\n<p>Visible appliance panels \u2014 such as refrigerator doors, washing machine front covers, and oven fascias \u2014 typically require Class A surface quality. This means no visible scratches, dents, die marks, or coating inconsistencies under standard lighting conditions. Pre-coated materials (PCM\/VCM) must show no coating cracking at bend radii. Automated vision inspection systems are increasingly used to detect surface defects that are invisible to the human eye at production line speeds.<\/p>\n<h3>What is the typical tolerance for appliance stamped brackets?<\/h3>\n<p>Non-structural appliance brackets (wire harness mounts, PCB supports, component clips) typically require tolerances of \u00b10.15\u20130.20 mm. Structural brackets (motor mounts, compressor supports) require \u00b10.10\u20130.15 mm. These tolerances are achievable with standard progresibong hulmahan paghulma and routine SPC monitoring. Tighter tolerances (\u00b10.05 mm) are occasionally specified for latches and hinges that must interface with precision mechanisms.<\/p>\n<h3>How can appliance OEMs reduce stamped part costs without compromising quality?<\/h3>\n<p>The most effective cost reduction strategies include: (1) downgauge to thinner material where structural analysis permits, (2) switch to pre-coated steel to eliminate painting operations, (3) optimize blank nesting to improve material utilization above 75%, (4) combine multiple paghulma operations into progressive dies to reduce labor, and (5) implement automated inspection to reduce scrap and over-inspection costs. A comprehensive approach typically yields 10\u201320% cost reduction over 12\u201318 months.<\/p>\n<section class=\"related-reading\">\n<h3>Related Reading<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/metalstampingparts.ltd\/metal-stamping-quality-standards-comparison\/\">paghulma sa metal Kalidad Mga Sumbanan Comparison Giya [2026]<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/metalstampingparts.ltd\/stamping-vs-laser-cutting\/\">paghulma sa metal vs. Laser Cutting: Cost, Speed, and Kalidad Comparison<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/metalstampingparts.ltd\/metal-stamping-quality-control\/\">paghulma sa metal Kalidad Control: Mga Sumbanan, Methods &amp; Inspection Checklist<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Appliance paghulma sa metal: Mga Bahin, Processes &amp; Kalidad Mga Sumbanan Appliance paghulma sa metal is the high-volume production of formed, pierced, and cut [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":1845,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[224,225,11],"class_list":["post-719","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-metal-paghulma-resources","tag-appliance-metal-paghulma","tag-home-appliance-paghulma","tag-metal-paghulma"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Appliance paghulma sa metal: Mga Bahin, Processes &amp; 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